The classical target organs for parathyroid hormone (PTH) are the bone and kidneys. In uremia, however, numerous studies have shown that PTH may also affect the function of a number of nonclassical organs and tissues besides the bone and kidney, including the brain, heart, smooth muscles, ...
英汉-汉英词典 靶器官 近义、反义、联想词 词 n. organ 英语例句库 1.These results suggest that early neonatal hopocalcemia appears to be related to a transient lack of response to PTH of thetarget organs, disordered vitamin D metabolism and hypercalcitoninemia. ...
The proteins are present in the liver, kidney and other organs of the animal, and have recently been shown to be present also in microorganisms. They have a high cysteine content, and show an amino acid distribution containing almost no aromatic residues. They are important substances which ...
Interestingly, organs in this (spleen, MLN and situation AdIiPB1 BAL) 30 days after s.c + i.n. vaccinated mice had more antigen-specific cells in the spleen compared to NP vaccinated mice, whereas similar numbers were found in MLNs, and more antigen-specific cells were recovered...
These biochemical changes reflect PTH resistance at both the kidney and skeleton sites of action. Administration of exogenous PTH fails to elicit normal responses at either or both of these target organs.doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4758-6_4Arnold S. Brickman...
Activation of phospholipase C gamma/calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell signaling by FGF23 is important in organs that do not express α-Klotho or under pathological conditions causing reduced α-Klotho expression such as chronic kidney disease. In this chapter, we will review tools and...
As outlined in detail below, the broad effects of this molecule are exemplified by its ability to form a connection between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and intracellular signaling cascades and to affect the growth and differentiation of a number of tissues and organs. 2.1. Syndecan-4 Membrane...
FGF23 increases urinary excretion of phosphate and reduces renal production of 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) [26–28]. FGF23 also decreases PTH secretion [29,30]. However, in recent years, FGF23 excess has been shown to produce detrimental effects in other organs such as the ...
The kidney has the second highest level of mitochondria and oxygen use after the heart and is, thus, one of the most energy necessitating organs in the human body [3,6]. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that are crucial in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the regulation...
Thus, by mimicking the human organs the virtual organs can be created and studied for effect of drug (Figure 4). In 2011, Safety Evaluation Ultimately Replacing Animal Testing (SEURAT) program was initiated in Europe to develop alternative safety tests for cosmetics and chemicals (http://www....