The HIV virus that causes AIDS specifically attacks and kills helper T cells. This weakens the immune system because helper T cells: A. directly destroy cells infected with HIV. B. roam the body looking for "invaders". C. turn on (activates) the antib...
After its induction, NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1. This enzyme cleaves the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1/IL-18 and generates the mature forms of these mediators. Interleukin 1, produced by the stimulated macrophages, consists of two forms: IL-1α and IL-1β. Both molecules share the...
1. Activates NK cells to become ANK cells, enabling them to have anti-tumor effects. 2. Causes the aggregation of NK cells and other immune cells, enhancing their ability to combat tumors and more effectively kill tumor cells. 3. Blocks the function of tumor cell transferrin receptors, inhibi...
In an animal model of stimulated stress, it has been found that cortisol increases the immune cells Mx and IL-1β. [71] Cortisol activates cellular immunity to provide defense against many kinds of infection by promoting Th1-to-Th2 shift. [72-74] ...
profilin is an actin-modifying protein that binds and activates TLR11 and TLR12, promotes IL-12 production, inducing NK cells to produce IFN-γ, which plays an important role in eliminatingT. gondiitachyzoites78. However, TLR12 is not present in humans, and TLR11 is also a functional pseu...
This protein, also referred to as CS1, plays an important role in MM cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells. Elotuzumab inhibits this interaction, enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and activates natural killer (NK) cells. For its part, daratumumab targets CD38, a cell ...
Cells and Related InteractionsCholesterol Metabolism in Cancers and Therapeutic InnovationsDevelopment of Gene Therapy for Age-Related Macular-Degeneration (AMD)Drug Delivery and Biomedical Approaches in Inflammatory DiseasesEngineered Nanoparticles—Biomedical Applications, Toxicity and Public Health IssuesEngineering...
RegisterLog in Sign up with one click: Facebook Twitter Google Share on Facebook AcronymDefinition NFTSNew Technology File System(Microsoft) NFTSNational Film and Television School(UK) NFTSNational Farm Toy Show(Dyersville, IA) NFTSNot for the Squeamish Productions(St. Paul, MN) ...
The resulting GSDMD pores allow the release of potassium which further activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and causes IL-1β/ IL-18 maturation. GSDMD pores also release mature cytokines, causing pyroptosis. Figure 1: The canonical and noncanonical pyroptosis pathways. Explore all pyroptosis products IHC...
On the one hand, inflammation damages parenchymal cells; on the other hand, it activates corresponding macrophages and releases active factors to promote the occurrence and progression of fibrosis [55]. Tian et al. treated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats with emodin (20 mg/kg) and ...