如果超级增强子关联基因对共激活因子的敏感性高于其他基因,那么对 Mediator 亚单位水平的降低对超级增强子关联基因转录水平的影响会更大。作者观察到了该预期现象。该结果意味着相比普通增强子关联基因 Oct4 和 Mediators 对超级增强子关联基因的影响更大。这可能解释了为什么 Oct4 和 Mediator 的丢失在 ESC 中有相似的...
The same factors bind enhancers and SEs, including transcription factors (TFs); histone-modifying enzymes (HMEs); cofactors, such as bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family proteins; mediator complexes, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs); and RNA polymerases. However, SEs usually recruit more...
Many transcription factors regulate gene expression in a lineage- and process-specific manner, despite being expressed in several cell types. Here, the authors show that the Hox transcription factor Ubx has lineage-specific interactomes, which contribute to its cell context-dependent functions. Julie ...
Collectively, our study suggests that differential high-order assemblies of transcription factors on enhancers trigger genome-wide enhancer reprogramming, resulting in transcriptional transitions that promote tumour phenotypic plasticity and therapy resistance. This is a preview of subscription content, access ...
General Eukaryotic Transcription Factors Eukaryotic RNApolymerasesrequire multiple initiation factors to start transcription. All the RNA polymerases use aTATA box–binding protein, but most of the other initiation factors are unique for each class. On the other hand, each RNA polymerase uses the same...
Gene expression is to large degree regulated by the specific binding of protein transcription factors to cis-regulatory transcription factor binding sites in gene promoter regions. Despite the identification of hundreds of binding site sequence motifs, t
Here, we demonstrate that breast cancers acquire aggressive phenotypes when another trafficking pathway, which regulates cytoplasm-to-nucleus transport of active transcription factors, undergoes aberrant activation. In general, small molecules passively diffuse into the nucleus, whereas passage of large molecu...
To test whether active loop extrusion is essential for maintaining various types of chromatin loops and transcription, we endogenously and homozygously tagged each of the three primary loop extrusion factors (CTCF, RAD21 or WAPL) with an auxin-inducible degron (AID) by clustered regularly repeating...
3b). At enhancers, the peak of tiQTL enrichment is at the midpoint (Supplementary Fig. 5a), where we would expect transcription factors to frequently bind. Based on these results, we hypothesize that the overall transcriptional activity of enhancers is generally regulated from the central TF ...
Figure 2. Krüppel-like Factors Are Major Inducers of EGA and Naive-Specific TE Enhancers (A) KLF4 and KLF17 expression during early human embryonic development and stem cells, determined by re-analyzing single-cell RNA-seq data from Yan et al. (2013). Single-cell data points are grouped ...