Our understanding of the basic mechanisms of autophagy is growing, but many questions remain about the types of autophagy cells use, when they use them, and how they function in different contexts. We asked emerging and established leaders in the field to discuss the questions and areas that ...
16, 30 NLRP3 can be activated in response to different stimuli (particularly pathogen-associated or damage-associated molecular patterns, some of which can be induced due to cholesterol accumulation, hypoxia or dysregulation in autophagy), and lead to a proinflammatory cytokine shift and cell death ...
A comprehensive characterization of blood proteome profiles in cancer patients can contribute to a better understanding of the disease etiology, resulting in earlier diagnosis, risk stratification and better monitoring of the different cancer subtypes. Here, we describe the use of next generation protein...
Despite their advantages, there are aspects of MSC therapy that warrant consideration. First, the proliferation ability of MSCs is gradually weakened and accompanied by a certain degree of differentiation and even aging with increasing passages during in vitro culture. This impacts their regulatory and ...
However, the studies of mechanisms or function of METTL16 in human diseases is absent, Moving forward, further research is needed to answer critical questions, such as how METTL16 influences human diseases, the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects, and whether its role varies depending on ...
MVB either fuses directly with lysosomes, or fuses with autophagosomes during autophagy, or which can secrete into the extracellular space as exosomes through fusion with cellular plasma membrane. RAB family members, such as Rab11, Rab27 and Rab35, have vital role in the exosome secretion ...
In addition, yet other observations have raised We have proposed that six hallmarks of cancer together consti- questions and highlighted mechanistic concepts that were not integral to our original elaboration of the hallmark traits. Moti- tute an organizing pr iple that provides a logical framework ...
OPEN QUESTIONS ● How can MSC-derived EVs mediate immunomodulation and regeneration? ● How can MSC-derived EVs be used to aid regeneration of fibrotic tissue? ● How can mass manufacturing of MSC-derived EVs be achieved and the problem of quality heterogeneity overcome? ● What are the ...
Critical questions that remain to be addressed include the role of estrogen and lymphangiogenesis in LAM pathogenesis and therapy, mechanisms of cystic lung destruction, the role of autophagy and pro-survival pathways in LAM cell survival. Ultimately, achieving future 'breakthroughs' in LAM will ...
As emerging biological questions increasingly require an understanding of intercellular, inter-organ, and systemic interactions, the need to accurately track the movement of proteins and understand their effects across tissues and organs becomes essential. Blood plasma contains proteins secreted from all ...