Summary The insulin signaling pathway, together with immediately adjacent or overlapping signaling pathways, is critical for sugar metabolism and cell proliferation. Some of the key proteins in this pathway—phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and protein kinase B ...
InD. melanogasterandC. elegans, the most prominent role of the insulin signalling pathway is to control longevity, puberty, growth and body size. The ability to generate observable aberrant phenotypes through the perturbation of cell growth has allowed rapid progress in growth regulation studies. Thes...
Table 1. Summary of IGF pathway members and their implications in promoting resistance or sensitivity to therapy among various human cancers. IGF pathway memberObserved or experimental changeConfers resistance or increases sensitivity?Affected cancer: Drug/Treatment IGF-1R Resistance Breast ER+: Tamoxifen...
In summary, these results suggest that LRP-1 is associated with IR-β receptor expression in BBB endothelial cells and loss in LRP-1 leads to impaired IR-β levels, which in turn affects insulin signaling in pBCEC. Download: Download high-res image (528KB) Download: Download full-size ...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Insulin signaling is a transitory effect that has to be tightly controlled in magnitude and duration in order to maintain cell homeostasis. Recent reports have demonstrated that members of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway represent new partners that have to be taken into account fo...
2f), effectively desensitized insulin to activate insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells (Fig. 1k), but did not noticeably change the protein levels of the insulin signaling pathway (Supplementary Fig. 2g). These results suggest that intracellular phenylalanine acts on one or more components of and ...
In summary, insulin regulates CREB transcriptional activity in insulin-sensitive tissues via the Raf --> MEK pathway and has an impact on physiologically relevant genes in these cells. 展开 关键词: 3T3 Cells Tumor Cells, Cultured Adipocytes Animals Humans Mice Insulin Serine Transcription, Genetic ...
knockoutforIR,thereisadecreaseinglucose-stimu-Summary latedinsulinreleaseandadecreaseintheinsulincontent ofthecell(Kulkarnietal.,1999a).Inaddition,disruptionInsulinsignalingismediatedbyacomplexnetworkof ofinsulinsignalinginthe cellatthelevelofinsulindivergingandconvergingpathways,withalternative receptorsubstrate(IRS)...
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibition induces a resistance mechanism via the epidermal growth factor receptor/HER3/AKT signaling pathway: Rational basis for cotargeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. ...
In summary, our study defines the role of NGBR overexpression in insulin sensitivity and demonstrates that increasing hepatic NGBR expression may protect mice against T2D by improving insulin sensitivity, which is related to reduction of NEFA and ER stress and activation of AMPK pathway. Experimental...