Leucine acts as a signal nutrient in promoting protein synthesis in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue via mTOR pathway activation, and may be of interest in age-related sarcopenia. However, hyper-activation of mTOR/S6K1 has been suggested to inhibit the first steps of insulin signaling and ...
4b). These data suggest that simvastatin may inhibit insulin mediated glucose uptake by blocking a critical steps in insulin signaling cascade. Figure 4 (a) Simvastatin treatment inhibits insulin signaling cascade: L6 myotubes were cultured in Simvastatin for 48 h, followed by stimulation with ...
Thus, OGT attenuates insulin signal by O-GlcNAcylation of proteins involved in proximal and distal steps in the PI-3 kinase signaling pathway. This negative feedback may be exacerbated when cells are chronically exposed to elevated glucose concentrations and could thereby contribute to alterations in ...
Although many of the proximal steps in insulin signaling have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance under various metabolic states are still unclear. Recent study suggests that Rho-kinase is an important mediator of insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. Specifically, ...
The positive and negative modulators acting on different steps of the signaling pathway, as well as the diversity of protein isoform interaction, ensure a proper and coordinated biological response to insulin in different tissues. Whereas genetic mutations are causes of rare and severe insulin ...
The insulin-activated IR triggers two major signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT pathway and the MAPK pathway that control metabolism and cell growth and proliferation1. Previous studies demonstrated that S597 selectively activates the PI3K-AKT pathway, leaving the MAPK pathway inactive in blood leukocytes...
In the present study, S1P at low concentrations was not toxic and was slightly protective against cytokine-mediated caspase-3 activation in insulin-secreting INS1E cells without inhibition of the NFκB signaling pathway, thus confirming earlier studies (22). However, when used at high ...
To analyze the consequence of tissue-specific knockout of IR on insulin-stimulated signaling on a molecular level, we compared the early steps of insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver of the MIRKO mice. After insulin binds to its receptor, the activated receptor tyrosine kinase catalyzes...
et al. GLUT4 retention in adipocytes requires two intracellular insulin-regulated transport steps. Mol. Biol. Cell 13, 2421–2435 (2002). CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Xu, Y. et al. Dual-mode of insulin action controls GLUT4 vesicle exocytosis. J. Cell Biol. 193, 643–653 ...
signaling pathway (Table1), as well as the Wnt signaling components Wnt11, Fzd1/7 and Notum as putative candidates for a regulatory function. To further investigate the dependence of Wnt components on FoxO and insulin signaling we performed an expression analysis of selected Wnt pathway components...