When Can Causal-Analytic Methods Inform Design-Based Research?doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36338ADVERSE childhood experiencesCHILD developmentACADEMIC achievementMEDICAL researchMENTAL illnessPSYCHOLOGICAL resilienceHejazi, Nima S.JAMA Network Open
it examines the conditions under which each method is warranted. Against conceptions of the 'comparative method, which imply that small-n case-studies provide weak grounds for causal inference, it argues that the intensive examination of a small number of cases can be an appropriate research design...
Study 2 and 3 focused on 7-to-9-year-old children and assessed children’s actual helping behavior in a highly controlled experimental lab-based study to establish causal factors that drive children’s differentiated helping. As such, these studies provide a stepping stone for future studies asse...
Second, prior research has focused on causal attributions, justice perceptions, morality judgments and consumer-brand relationship harm to explain consumers’ responses to brand transgressions. However, limited attention has been given to the social identity implications of brand misbehavior. This omission ...
OW technically targets a causal estimand that is different from the ATE—the average treatment effect on the overlap (ATO) [22]—which in a non-randomized study shifts the objective of inference [25]. Nevertheless, ATO=ATE whenever the PS is known (and thus a constant) such as in an RCT...
here may be that the model should only change moderately after fine-tuning. We fine-tune the OPT-125m causal language model made available by Meta through Hugging Face6. We fine-tune it on the wikitext2 dataset16. For data generation from the trained models, we use a five-way beam ...
Previous studies have shown that vocalizations of dogs can provide information to human companions. While acoustic signals of dogs have been intensively studied during the last decade, barking during hunting activities remains unstudied. The experiences
Although we have already controlled for many possible confounders, there may still be concerns about the existence of a causal link. In order to plausibly establish the causal effect, we employ an instrumental variable approach. As mentioned above, we use the data of American robot exposure rate...
Extant research suggests that high levels of economic development will be associated with tighter coupling and a greater degree of causal determinacy, whereas low levels of economic development will be associated with looser coupling and a greater degree of causal indeterminacy. Firms in more developed...
Resilience has been found to have positive impacts on college students’ well-being and mental health. However, we still lack knowledge on how and und