Correlational Research: Investigating the connections between two or more variables is the goal of correlational research. To determine how closely two variables are related, researchers examine their correlation. Causal-Comparative Research: Causal-comparative research involves comparing two or more groups...
The empirical results show that: in the short term, exchange rate exists asymmetric causal relationship only on oil price, and the exchange rate on oil price is positive causal, namely the rise of the exchange rate will affect oil price, the fall of the exchange rate will not affect the ...
Studies of the leisure policies drafted and enacted in different countries may be expected to reveal new approaches to policy-making or, at least, to bring awareness and understanding of some of the causal factors involved, the range of possible solutions and the ways in which leisure policies ...
The total number of explanations above (six) represents a little bit more than 20% of the total causes identified (29 total causal factors). However, these six causes cumulatively were responsible for 71% (149 of 209 cases) of oil spills identified. In this example of Pareto analysis, only...
Consequently, it is important to consider a variety of different concurrent effects before estimating cross-lagged effects. Of note, given the partial overlap in reference frames, such a path is not the only possible path; thus, limiting conclusions drawn on true causal pathways. We provide ...
thinking and making causal connections through problem-solving, inquiry and/or collaborative learning (OECD,2014; Vinter,2017). For example, teachers who engage in collaborative professional self-development activities, such as research, peer observation, qualification programmes, conferences, networking, ...
There are two broad areas of inquiry in quantitative research (Fig 1). There is research that aims to describe or explore diseases, conditions, or variables; and there is research that tries to find a causal relationship among variables, conditions, and real-life situations.2 These two fields...
Causal inference and system dynamics in social science research: A commentary with example The focus of this paper is causal inference. A concern with causality has had a profound impact on the kinds of questions that may be addressed in social r... DR Morris - 《Causal Models》 被引量: ...
Temporality, or the order in which change occurred, is a major issue in mediation analysis because all mediation models, regardless of analysis method used, assume a causal order to the variables. However, this causal order is rarely tested because studies often do not take enough assessments of...
‘Simply said, a configuration is a specific combination of factors (or stimuli, causal variables, ingredients, determinants, etcetera - we call these conditions in CCM [Configurational Comparative Methods] terminology) that produces a given outcome of interest’ [10]. As highlighted above, the ...