•• Often lead to experimental research Often lead to experimental research •• Don’t allow variable manipulation Don’t allow variable manipulation •• Attempt to explore causation Attempt to e
Recognize a causal-comparative study when you come across one in the educational research literature. What is causal-comparative research? Also known as “ex post facto” research. (Latin for “after the fact”). In this type of research investigators attempt to determine the cause or consequence...
The purpose of this quantitative causal-comparative research was to examine to what extent there is a difference between the level of lifelong learning beliefs of teachers at different points in their career and in teachers who work in different grade-level classrooms. The theoretical foundation was...
Quantitative techniquesCareer developmentNetworksThis paper attempts to demystify the technique of causal path modeling for the non-specialists by presenting aspects of its value for social science and management research and by illustrating common misunderstandings about its attributes. Special emphasis is ...
We explored five different network structures in comparison to our model, using the same evaluation metrics for quantitative comparison, revealing the importance of each module in the model. The specific results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Model components ablation experiment. Full size table The...
When compared with comparative methods such as Charles Ragin's QCA (Ragin, 1987), this JSM method has the benefit of implementing a rule of ‘ban on counterexamples’ (Kuchenkova and Tatarova, 2013). Readers interested in an up-to-date treatment of methods for causal research in the social...
Cognitive mapping and repertory grids for qualitative survey research: some comparative observations Journal of Management Studies (1992) K. Carley et al. Extracting, representing and analyzing mental models Social Forces (1992) B. Chaib-Draa Causal maps: theory, implementation, and practical applicatio...
Causal arguments are usually framed in terms of the effects of variables on each other. However, developmental, mechanical, processual, and comparative arguments all imply something about why and how social phenomena or processes occur or operate, and in this sense qualitative research does deal with...
The use of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to address causality in complex systems: a systematic review of research on public health interventions. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1–22. Article Google Scholar Thomas G. A typology for the case study in social science following a review...
Learning balanced representations: This type of approach has long been a popular research. The core ideology is to use the encoder to map the covariatesXto the representation space\(\Phi \), combine the processingT, adopt the networkhto predict the output outcomeY, and minimize the distribution...