PD‐1/PD‐L1 axistumor immune escapetumor‐derived exosomesProgrammed cell death(PD is a negative coreceptor mainly expressed on the surface of activated T cells. The binding of PDto its ligand PD㎜1 significantly induces non‐reactivity of T cells to maintain the balance of autoimmunity and ...
Cancer metastasis is a complex, multistage process, which eventually causes tumor cells to colonize and grow at the metastatic site16. Exosomes derived from tumors and stromal cells have been involved in all stages of cancer metastasis. In addition to the different types of substances loaded in e...
Here, we demonstrate that tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) polarize macrophages toward an immunosuppressive phenotype characterized by increased PD-L1 expression through NF-kB-dependent, glycolytic-dominant metabolic reprogramming. TDE signaling through TLR2 and NF-κB leads to increased glucose uptake. TDEs...
Recent studies suggest that EVs reprogramming could be a promising strategy for targeted immunotherapy in cancer. Research indicates that removing PD-L1 from EVs can effectively inhibit tumor growth, even in PD-L1 antibody-resistant tumors [29]. On the other hand, EVs derived from genetically modif...
Tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEX) suppress functions of immune cells. Here, changes in the gene profiles of primary human T lymphocytes exposed in vitro to exosomes were evaluated. CD4+ Tconv, CD8+ T or CD4+ CD39+ Treg were isolated from normal donors’
Note: (A) representative images of HEK239T cell-derived exosomes under transmission electron microscopy; (B) particle size measurement of exosomes; (C) western blotting examination of the expression of exosome markers CD9, CD63, TSG101, and Calnexin; (D) uptake of PKH26-labeled exosomes by ...
et al. Tumor-derived exosomes modulate PD-L1 expression in monocytes. Sci. Immunol. 2, eaah5509 (2017). 33. Javeed, N. et al. Immunosuppressive CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg monocytes are ele- vated in pancreatic cancer and "primed" by tumor-derived exosomes. Oncoimmunology 6, e1252013 (2017). ...
[10,23]. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) can promote tumor immune evasion by disrupting the function of immune cells such as T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells. Moreover, EVs carrying the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein can aid cancer cells in evading immune surveillance...
9 (MMP9) and differentiating into endothelial-like cells (ECs) [59]. Additionally, MDSCs also promote angiogenesis by releasing exosomes containing pro-angiogenic factors [60]. For instance, exosomes derived from Granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) that contain S100A9 have been shown to promote ...
et al. Tumor-derived exosomes modulate PD-L1 expression in monocytes. Sci. Immunol. 2, 28 (2017). Article Google Scholar Karwacz, K. et al. PD-L1 co-stimulation contributes to ligand-induced T cell receptor down-modulation on CD8+ T cells. EMBO Mol. Med. 3, 581–592 (2011). ...