Immunohistochemistry staining showed tumor cells that were strongly positive for S100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin and focally positive for p63 and cytokeratins (AE1/AE3); they were negative for desmin, smooth muscle actin, HMB45, Melan-A, CD99 and bcl2. This is all ...
Most tumor cells undergo apoptosis in circulation and at the metastatic organ sites due to host immune surveillance and a hostile microenvironment. It remains to be elucidated whether dying tumor cells have a direct effect on live tumor cells during the
1J). Collectively, these data indicate that HCC tumor cells can be stratified into three distinct subtypes, characterized by the expression of ARG1, TOP2A, and S100A6, respectively. The functional features and evolutionary process of three tumor cell subtypes of HCC To depict the features of the...
Current research has demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are very closely related in the process of distant tumor metastasis. Primary tumors are shed and released into the bloodstream to form CTCs that are re
(Fig.4c, f). These cells could be identified among single positive cells (Supplementary Fig.4a, b). Very rarely, cells that appeared to be in the process of transitioning between single and double CK positive states were observed (Supplementary Fig.4c). The emergence of this mixed-lineage ...
In vivo, however, Dul (30 mg/kg/14 days) inhibited S100B production, altered the polarization and trafficking of tumor-associated myeloid-derived cells, and inhibited the growth of intracranial GL261 gliomas. Dul therapeutic efficacy, however, was not observed in the K-Luc glioma model that...
The dynamic interactions of cancer cells with their microenvironment consisting of stromal cells (cellular part) and extracellular matrix (ECM) components (non-cellular) is essential to stimulate the heterogeneity of cancer cell, clonal evolution and to increase the multidrug resistance ending in cancer...
identified as B cells (n = 1847); plasma cells (n = 3089) were identified by JCHAIN [31]; smooth muscle cells (n = 1070) were marked by ACTA2; and a small number of cells with a high expression of S100B were considered as enteric glial cells (EGCs, n = 469)...
During tumorigenesis, T cells in the TME undergo metabolic reprogramming to obtain energy through aerobic glycolysis for maintaining T cell proliferation and activity [48]. Blocking T-cell glycolysis impairs their ability to produce IFN-γ, which is relevant to the efficacy of CIT [49]. Activation...
1,2 Advanced age and Caucasian race are the two critical risk factors for CM according to US epidemiologic data,1 and indoor tanning (especially in young women) has also been indicated as a risk factor.3 S100 calcium-binding protein-p, MLANA (Melanoma-Antigen recognized by T-cells 1), ...