Transcription, the synthesis of RNA from DNA. Genetic information flows from DNA into protein, the substance that gives an organism its form. This flow of information occurs through the sequential processes of transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (
Define transcriptions. transcriptions synonyms, transcriptions pronunciation, transcriptions translation, English dictionary definition of transcriptions. n. 1. The act or process of transcribing. 2. Something that has been transcribed, especially: a. Mu
DenisMichel, inProgress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 2010 The rate oftranscription initiationis the main level of quantitative control of gene expression, primarily responsible for the accumulation of mRNAs in the cell. Many, if not all, molecular actors involved intranscription initiationare ...
SubrataPal, inFundamentals of Molecular Structural Biology, 2020 9.4.2Eukaryotic regulation Like bacteria, eukaryotic gene transcription is mostly controlled at the level of initiation. Therefore, it is not at all illogical to expect that the basic principles of bacterialtranscription regulationwill be ...
Kanhere, A. et al. T-bet and GATA3 orchestrate Th1 and Th2 differentiation through lineage-specific targeting of distal regulatory elements. Nat. Commun. 3, 1268 (2012). Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar Garcia-Perez, L. et al. Functional definition of a transcription factor hierarchy regul...
In addition to transcription factors (TFs), the regulatory sequences play an important role in definition of transcriptional competence by integrating multiple cellular or environmental signals. The global regulatory landscape can be inferred by different methods. For example, Chromatin Immuno-Precipitation...
Somatic mutations in cancer cells affect various genomic elements disrupting important cell functions. In particular, mutations in DNA binding sites recognized by transcription factors can alter regulator binding affinities and, consequently, expression
After that, mRNA is decoded to produce proteins in a process named translation. The process of transcription is heavily regulated by transcription factors. What are transcription factors? The definition of "transcription factor" is the same across all species, where it is the set of proteins in ...
Transcriptional regulation exhibits extensive robustness, but human genetics indicates sensitivity to transcription factor (TF) dosage. Reconciling such observations requires quantitative studies of TF dosage effects at trait-relevant ranges, largely lac
The prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, are mostly single-celled organisms that, by definition, lack membrane-bound nuclei and other organelles. A bacterial chromosome is a covalently closed circle that, unlike eukaryotic chromosomes, is not organized around histone proteins. The central ...