这种发展变化表明学生的自上而下阅读技能得到了提高。 The top-down approach to reading is seen as an active cognitive process in which the reader’s previously existing knowledge ...
Top-down approch是自上而下的阅读模式。从 20 世纪 70 年代初期开始，人们试图找到能够揭示阅读过程的阅读模式。 Goodman 在 1970 年把阅读描述为一个心理语言的猜测游戏 (a psycholinguistic guessing game) 。到了 80 年代初期，人们的认识逐渐趋向一致：阅读是一个主动的、有目的的、有创造性的心理...
The current research discusses the problem of the different reading processing models that prevail nowadays in Psychology. Here we find a duality between the bottom-up approach, which has been extensively studied, and the top-down approach, which has been scarcely investigated. We attempt to ...
Unlike a top-down teaching approach, which takes a macro view of a subject first, a bottom-up teaching approach begins with the component parts of a subject, and gradually builds up to the whole. For example, in an ESL class, a bottom-up approach would begin with things such...
argument and so on, and then use this framework to interpret difficult parts of the text. The top-down approach gives a sense of perspective and makes use of all that the reader brings to the text: prior knowledge,...
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argument and so on, and then use this framework to interpret difficult parts of the text. The top-down approach gives a sense of perspective and makes use of all that the reader brings to the text: prior knowledge, common sense, etc, which have sometimes been undervalued in the reading ...
Top-down approach 和bottom—up. 两种教学法,对于同一个水平的接受者都是有可能适用的。主要看阅读及学习材料的难度。 传统的语言构建方法都是bottom up教学法, 即先从小的单位入手,从音素到词根到单词到基本句构建再到长句和复合句, 最后到语篇,此谓从局部到整体。Top-down的教学法则另辟蹊径高屋建瓴,反向...
The purposes of this study are to determine: (1) the effectiveness of the bottom-up and top-down approaches in students' reading comprehension of narrative texts; and (2) the more effective approach of bottom-up and top-down ... RRVK Ardhani 被引量: 0发表: 2012年 Distributed ad hoc ne...
7. We follow three ways to read such as the “bottom-up” approach / model, the “top-down” approach / model, and the “interactive” way of reading. 参考答案:对 点击查看答案