这种发展变化表明学生的自上而下阅读技能得到了提高。 The top-down approach to reading is seen as an active cognitive process in which the reader’s previously existing knowledge ...
A top-down teaching style focuses on providing students a large view of a subject, immersing them in the big picture without explaining the components that make up the subject. For example, in an English as a Second Language class, a top-down approach would begin by immersing stu...
in an English as a Second Language class, a top-down approach would begin by immersing students in all aspects of learning English immediately, including writing, reading and pronunciation. Students would not be taught the intricacies
Because top-down teaching emphasizes instruction through context and relies in part on a student's background and experience to acquire knowledge, it may not provide the same level of specific subject skills as a bottom-up teaching approach. Conversely, though a bottom-up teaching approach will s...
Different from existing models of skill learning that use a top-down approach鈥攖hat is, from declarative knowledge to procedural knowledge or from explici... R Sun,E Merrill,T Peterson - Knowledge-Based Systems 被引量: 0发表: 2000年 The Acquisition of Robust and Flexible Cognitive Skills Nie...
comprehension skills. Generally, text-centered and input-based instruction is of two kinds: bottom-up (popular from the 1950s onwards to the mid-1990s and still used in some remote areas in China) and top-down (increasingly dominant since the late 1990s) (Wen 2014a). The deficiency in...
This study investigated how 22 college-level Chinese as a second language (CSL) learners used reading strategies when reading essays of various genres in a strategies-based reading instruction program, in which they were explicitly taught ten top-down reading strategies. In addition to strategy use...
Top-downandBottom-upapproachestoteachinglisteningwhenwhichapproachmay 系统标签: listeningteachingiisteningapproachapproachesuseful 串。2害。 ‘‘To p-d own,,a nd‘‘B otto m-u p,, approaC neS t0 teac hlng¨Ste nina, ■■'一'一, when and wh ich approach may be more usefu l? 张颖 (南昌...
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Consider the specificity of the question. It could be possible that you have it down to two answer choices, and it just so happens that neither is a distortion! How can this be true? If they are BOTH accurate statements regarding the passage, but only one choice answers the specific questi...