The six CDR loops, three on each of the variable domain of the heavy chain (VH) and the light chain (VL), are involved in antigen binding. Therefore, the 3D structure of the antibody determines how it interacts with an antigen and governs its binding properties. Researchers can use the ...
(superscripts indicate residue numbering using the Ballesteros–Weinstein nomenclature) to improve thermostability and expression16, and N188Q in extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) to avoid glycosylation. Moreover, both a Fab fragment antibody (Fab 7881) specific for the ghrelin receptor and an antagonist, ...
1 For example, the rational design of antibody-antigen interactions often depends upon an accurate model of antibody structure. However, experimental methods for protein structure determination such as crystallography, NMR, and cryo-EM are low throughput and time consuming. Antibody structure consists ...
RNA structure is intimately connected to each step of gene expression. Recent advances have enabled transcriptome-wide maps of RNA secondary structure, called ‘RNA structuromes’. However, previous whole-cell analyses lacked the resolution to unravel th
Machine learning methods hold the promise to reduce the costs and the failure rates of conventional drug discovery pipelines. This issue is especially pressing for neurodegenerative diseases, where the development of disease-modifying drugs has been part
Several antibody fragments specific to human NTCP were previously reported20,21,22,23. The preS1 peptide is known to interact with the extracellular surface of NTCP8,14. All binders reported in the literature bind to the same region20,21,22,23, suggesting an overlap in binding epitopes and ...
The presence of these two additional bands in bean sample is probably an effect of anti- Lhcb1 antibody cross interactivity with the Lhcb4 (top band) and the Lhcb3 (bottom band) proteins (cf. Figure 3B). Because of apparent low antibody specificity against bean Lhcb1, quantitative ...
possibly because of difficulty in the preservation conditions or in detecting the epitope in prophase nuclei or possibly because of an absence of PM3-type SUN-domain proteins in meiotic cells. The results of negative control experiments, using preimmune sera and secondary antibody only, are shown ...
Inhibitors of serotonin and histamine as well as depletion of MCs by an anti-c-kit monoclonal antibody reduce the occurrence of allergic diarrhoea. Therefore, MCs as well as serotonin and histamine derived from them are involved in the allergic diarrhoea in this model [31]. These murine and ...
Computational structure-based antibody design is on the cusp of a revolution in which it should be possible to rapidly design binders for a desired target – whether to combat a new disease, or to facilitate molecular biology research – purely in silico. While this future may seem distant, th...