在干预实施方面,工作人员虽理解 Stepped Wedge 设计下干预时间的不可控性,但希望至少有一个学期的准备时间来实施新干预,并且担心季节因素会对干预效果和数据收集产生影响。 Study 2:选择合适的 Stepped Wedge 设计配置:基于 Study 1 的结果,研究人员考虑多种实际因素,筛选出 256 种可能的 Stepped Wedge 设计配置。通...
答案是:阶梯设计(the stepped-wedge design) 阶梯设计多用于整群随机试验,评价“利大于弊”的干预措施,尤其在健康教育、免疫接种、筛检、医护人员培训等领域使用较多。这种设计通常不设置专门的对照组,随着试验的进行,各个组都会按照随机结果先后接受这种干预措施。这样就...
Stepped Wedge vs. Crossover Design Acrossover designis where patients are assigned all treatments, and the results are measured over time. With a crossover design the treatments can happen in any order. For example, one group might be given treatment A and then treatment B, while a second ...
Such trials have what is termed a stepped wedge design (SWD). The determination of an appropriate study size involves multiplying the sample size calculation for an independent, parallel, twoゞroup trial by a design effect (DE). The DE has a component to take account of the cluster design,...
In contrast, there is little research available pertaining to the design and analysis of multi-arm stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials, utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of multiple experimental interventions. In this paper, we address this by explaining how the required sample size in these...
This paper studies model-based and design-based approaches for the analysis of data arising from a stepped wedge randomized design. Specifically, for different scenarios we compare robustness, efficiency, Type I error rate under the null hypothesis, and power under the alternative hypothesis for the...
In Section 2 we describe a trial being conducted in Washington state that uses a stepped wedge design. This motivating example provides a context for the theoretical and simulation results shown in Section 3 where we describe statistical aspects of the design and analysis of stepped wedge CRTs. ...
In a stepped wedge, cluster randomised trial, clusters receive the intervention at different time points, and the order in which they received it is randomised. Previous systematic reviews of stepped wedge trials have documented a steady rise in their use between 1987 and 2010, which was attribute...
The study utilized a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial design, where the intervention was introduced in a phased manner across different villages. The results showed that the salt substitute was associated with a modest reduction in blood pressure and a lower incidence of hypertension, ...
The stepped-wedge (SW) cluster randomized controlled trial, in which clusters cross over in a randomized sequence from control to intervention, is ideal for the implementation and testing of complex health service interventions. In certain cases however, implementation of the intervention may pose logi...