As more potent and long-acting GLP-1RAs are introduced, optimal insulin dose scaling is a major challenge, especially in a primary setting. We provide an overview of the current knowledge in this rapidly changing field. Based on currently reported evidence, a reduction of basal insulin by 10%...
Insulin and the IGFs, IGF-1 and IGF-2, are structurally similar peptides with important roles in controlling metabolism and growth in response to nutrient signals and nutritional status. IGF-1-1 and IGF-2 are primarily produced in the liver and to a lesser extent locally in target tissues w...
In this study, we aimed to determine whether liraglutide could effectively reduce insulin resistance (IR) by regulating Sestrin2 (SESN2) expression in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells by examining its interactions with SESN2, autophagy, and IR. L6 cells were incubated with liraglutide (10–1000 nM)...
(EGP). Regardless of the GLP-1 and amylin, insulin,glucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone play crucial roles in the entire glycoregulatory process. The regulation of glucose metabolism is a complex process and is still not well ...
Many new antidiabetic drugs have shown positive effects in the treatment of PCOS. Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues (GLP-1RAs) mimic the incretin secreted by the distal small intestine, bind to insulin receptors on beta cells, stimulate insulin secretion, reduce glucagon secretion, inhibit hunger ...
were dose-dependently augmented by glp-1 and glucagon. however, peak insulin with the two hormones together (with glucose) was not higher than after either single administration at any of the tested doses, i.e., no additive of synergistic action was observed by the combination on glucose-...
Briefly islets were pre-incubated in 1 mM glucose for 30 minutes followed by 1 h incubation in extracellular solution with variable glucose concentration. Incubation was 15 min when 50 mM KCl was used as stimulator. The extracellular solution was supplemented with 10 μM FSK, 0.1 μM GLP-1 ...
The GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(3-39) or saline was given at four minutes after the oral administration of 50 mg glucose. At the low dose of 3 nmol/kg, exendin(9-39) did not significantly affect the glucose or insulin responses to glucose at any time point (Supplementary Figure S3...
Furthermore, insulin degradation was diminished by ~50% in HepG2 transfected cells with siRNA against hIde, in parallel with a reduction by more than 50% in IDE protein and mRNA levels [78]. Similarly, CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of Ide in CHO cells abolished insulin degradation [79]. Finally, ...
tract to the pancreas that causes hyperinsulinemia. A number ofstomach and intestinal hormones can affect insulin production by the pancreas; these were not mentioned specifically by Pories and Dohm. Examples are GIP and GLP-1 (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1)...