In metaphase (a), the microtubules of the spindle (white) have attached and the chromosomes have lined up on the metaphase plate. During anaphase (b), the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move toward opposite poles of the cell.
Previous studies of the structure of metaphase chromosomes have relied heavily on electron micrography and have revealed the existence of a 10-nm unit fiber that is thought to generate the native 23-30-nm fiber by higher order folding. The structural relationship of these metaphase fibers to the...
RNA which is resistant in situ to ribonuclease in solutions of high ionic strength was demonstrated in interphase nuclei and metaphase chromosomes of human PHA-blasts. Since the synthesis of this RNase-resistant RNA is not affected by actinomycin D it is likely that it is of a non-ribosomal ty...
A checkpoint mechanism known as the SAC delays the separation of the sister chromatids at anaphase until every kinetochore has correctly attached to spindle microtubules and all sister chromatids have aligned at the metaphase equatorial plate.185,186,187,188Thus, the SAC is a safeguard for guarante...
Metaphase chromosomes released from cells in the presence of Joklik's suspension media by vortex-mixing with 0.5 mm glass beads have been analyzed by electron microscopy. In these preparations the chromosomes are composed of series of loops (200–300 Å in diameter) which are, in turn, compos...
The spatial folding of chromosomes inside the nucleus has regulatory effects on gene expression, yet the impact of genome reshuffling on this organization remains unclear. Here, we take advantage of chromosome conformation capture in combination with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and ana...
Subsequently, the algae pellets were fixed with a solution of 3 parts ethanol to 1 part acetic acid (v/v) for 24 h to ensure fixation of the algae cells in the metaphase of mitosis. After fixation, the cells were washed three times with distilled water and then subjected to enzymatic ...
F Summary of metaphase spread analysis. In each indicated cell line, the number of metaphases, number of chromosomes per metaphase, and percentages of metaphases with biarmed chromosomes and with chromosomal fragments are calculated and shown Full size image We also analyzed these CRISPR/Cas9-...
S. Alterations in metaphase durations in cells derived from human tumours. Cell Prolif. 18, 137–146 (1985). CAS Google Scholar Therman, E., Buchler, D. A., Nieminen, U. & Timonen, S. Mitotic modifications and aberrations in human cervical cancer. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 11, 185–...
Metaphase spread and chromosome count Immunofluorescence on metaphasic spread was obtained as previously described with few modifications48. Cultures were treated with 100 ng ml−1 nocodazole for 8 h overnight, collected by trypsinization, resuspended in 0.2% (w/v) KCl and 0.2% (w/v) ...