必应词典为您提供Forward-and-backward-integration的释义,网络释义: 向前一体化;向后或是向前一体化;前后向关联;
Both backward (upstream) and forward (downstream) vertical integration strategies shape the organization of global value chains (GVCs). Yet, many studies make the unrealistic assumption that integration decisions are binary and one-directional. That is, for each production stage, companies make the ...
Nevertheless, first-order forward and backward integration are both first-order approximations of the true solutions, and forward mapping is an acceptable approximation to the advection in Equation 13.16. In all three implementations, the texture lookup with shifted texture coordinates makes use of bi-...
The concept of forward integration is inherently related to the concept of thesupply chain. In many industries, the major components of the supply chain include raw materials,intermediate goods, manufacturing, marketing and sales, and after-sales service. An example of forward integration is a situa...
But in backward integration, the company’s responsibilities are shifting more to serve their end markets indirectly by focusing on controlling the product, which generally tends to consist of more technical functions such as product development and manufacturing. Learn More → Investment Banking Guide ...
Forward integration and backward integration are sometimes collectively referred to asA.horizontal integration.B.diversification.C.vertical integration.D.stuck-in-the-middle.E.hierarchical integration.的答案是什么.用刷刷题APP,拍照搜索答疑.刷刷题(shuashua
In this application note, we’ll look at forward and backward propagation with BeamPROP BPM and reflective region simulation with FullWAVE FDTD.
读音:美英 forward and backward linkages基本解释 前向和后向联系 分词解释 forward前进地 backward向后的 linkages连接( linkage的名词复数 ) forward and backward linkages是什么意思 forward and backward linkages怎么读 forward and backward linkages在线翻译 forward and backward linkages中文意思 forward and backwar...
If Dell acquires a distributor of computers such as BestBuy it will be a forward integration too since it is an acquisition of a distributor by a manufacturer.by Obaidullah Jan, ACA, CFA and last modified on Dec 20, 2012Related Topics Backward Integration ...
Unlike the backward integration, which extends to the previous levels of the supply chain, the forward integration is a mechanism for sustaining a firm’s profit while avoiding leakage of profits to intermediaries.For instance, a firm that imports oranges and sells them as a retailer can acquire...