This chapter discusses the known causes of cancer to suggest preventative measures that can be taken by individuals, societies, or governments to decrease cancer prevalence. The causes of cancer discussed in the chapter include: genetic (somatic and inherited), epigenetic, viral, and environmental. ...
epigenetic changes are reversible, allowing recovery of function for affected genes with normal DNA sequences (7, 13). These therapies aim to reprogram cancer cells to a more normal state (4, 7, 13).
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently one of the most leading causes of death worldwide, being the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death, with approximately 854.000 new cases in 2015 [1,2]. ...
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are found to be the underlying cause of inherited ovarian cancers. In most ovarian cancer cases (∼90 %), it appears as sporadic tumours with a somatic mutation in TP53 along with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, which enhances genetic instability, and causes malignant ...
At the same time, cancer likening to other diseases seems arguable as it ignores one cardinal distinction. At the heart of a “usual” illness there is a decrease in function of the corresponding organ (irrespective of its causes). For instance, cardiovascular diseases arise because of decrease...
The past decade has seen the emergence of immunotherapy as a prime approach to cancer treatment, revolutionizing the management of many types of cancer. Despite the promise of immunotherapy, most patients do not have a response or become resistant to treatment. Thus, identifying combinations that po...
(Medical Xpress)—In about half of all prostate tumours, there are two genetic areas that are fused with one another. When this is not the case, the exact way cancer cells originate in prostate tumours was not clear until now. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in...
The following discussion aims at finding a general framework, not dependent on proximate causes, for understanding the phenomenon of cancer and suggests new research strategies on this problem but away from the current emphasis on the putative genetic causes of cancer. 展开 ...
Researchers at Hiroshima University have analyzed the molecular findings of almost 160 pediatric liver cancer cases and discovered molecular markers that should help to understand and treat the considerable variation in prognoses.
"The re-expression of genes that promote cell adhesion in cancer cells upon inhibition of the Smad signaling pathway causes reversal of tumorigenic properties and puts the brakes on cancer progression," said principal investigator, Sam Thiagalingam, PhD, an associate professor of medicine and patholo...