● 碱基切除修复（BER）碱基切除修复（BER）是一种特别有助于清除小碱基修饰的机制。它可以修复氧化、脱氨基、烷基化和消旋单碱基损伤，这些损伤一般不会导致DNA螺旋发生明显扭曲。在BER途径中，DNA糖基化酶检测并消除受损碱基，形成位点，然后由AP内切酶切割，留下一个碱基间隙。DNA聚合酶和DNA连接酶进一步固定该间隙。
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1、DNA损伤与修复损伤与修复 DNA Damage and Repair第十五章第十五章 各种体内外因素所导致的各种体内外因素所导致的DNA组成与结构的组成与结构的变化称为变化称为DNA损伤(损伤(DNA damage) 其一,其一,DNA的结构发生永久性改变,即的结构发生永久性改变,即突变突变其二,其二,导致导致DNA失去作为复制和失去作为复制和...
1、 第四章 DNA损伤与修复 DNA damage and repairDNA损伤的概念各种体内外因素所导致的DNA组成及结构的变化称为DNA损伤DNA damage 第一节 DNA损伤按其发生的原因:1)自发突变spontaneous mutation:在自然情况下发生的突变。2)诱发突变induced mutation:人们有意识地利用物理、化学诱变因素引起的突变 。一、DNA自发性...
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual mole...
Chapter5 DNAdamage,repairandmutation 第一节DNA损伤 一、自发性损伤（spontaneousmutations）1、DNA复制错误校正后的错配率仍约在10-10左右2、互变异构(烯醇式-酮式结构互变)3、自发性的化学变化脱嘌呤和脱嘧啶脱氨（基）(deamination)作用 （1）脱嘌呤和脱嘧啶 •糖苷键断裂,嘌呤和嘧啶从DNA链的核糖磷酸骨架...
DNA损伤修复功能异常是肿瘤发生发展的重要特点之一,突变与癌症的发生均包含细胞DNA损伤过程。人类细胞中的DNA每天都会由于外部(外源)和内部(内源)的代谢进程而遭受成千上百次损伤。细胞基因组的改变可能导致DNA转录过程出现错误,进而通过翻译过程影响到信号转导和细胞功能必需的蛋白质。如果有丝分裂之前这些基因组突变尚...
DNA Damage and DNA Repair To overcome the harmful effects of DNA damage, cells have various systems such as DNA repair mechanisms, damage tolerance pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and cell death pathways. These systems work together to repair or tolerate DNA damage, ensuring the overall survival...