Higher cancer risk was related to BRCT domain of BRCA1 for breast cancer, and BRC repeats of BRCA2 for ovarian cancer. Parity was a risk-reducing factor among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Risk factors can be used for personalized preventive strategies of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.Park, Ji ...
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and PTEN can be related to the formation of multicentric breast cancer. Multicentric breast cancer can be diagnosed through mammography, histopathology, and genetic testing. Furthermore, treatment options for multic...
while prostate cancer is the growth of a tumor in the prostate gland due to inherited genetic mutations in genes such asBRCA1,BRCA2,andHOXB13. Thus, this is the key difference between enlarged prostate and prostate cancer. Furthermore, the risk factors for an enlarged...
Due to a large intragenic deletion, BRCA1 function cannot be restored in this tumor model by secondary mutations (Liu et al., 2007). As the underlying mechanism of secondary resistance we frequently observed an increased expression of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein and ABCG2 in the BRCA1-deficient ...
What is the difference between a germline cancer, such as those caused by BRCA1 mutations, and cancers caused by somatic mutations in the same gene in the same cell? Which are cancer-causing genes in mice and humans? a. totipotent genes b. proto-oncogenes c. oncogenes d. ...
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Two novel AGXT mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type-1 and distinct morphological received: 25 April 2016 accepted: 30 August 2016 Published: 20 September 2016 and structural difference in kidney stones Cui Wang1,2, Jingru Lu1,2,*,Yanhua ...
What is true about mutations? What is the difference between spontaneous and induced mutations and their effects? If the mutation that causes a disease is dominant, how will it be inherited? What is the difference between a germline cancer, such as those caused by BRCA1 mutations, a...
While mutations are the primary source of genetic variations in populations, not all variations are caused by mutations. Some variations are the result of interactions between genes, or between genes and the environment. For instance, height variation in humans isn't solely because of a single mut...
Basal-like breast cancer was delineated using this methodology and demonstrates significant overlap with so-called triple negative and BRCA1-associated breast carcinomas. This article describes the pathology and biology of these three groups of tumours and examines the relationship between them. ...
The article presents a study which examines the difference of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) and BRCA1 associated breast cancer (BABC). The study describes the pathology and biology of the three groups of tumor such as the definition of triple negative ...