RegulationStructureDAN familyFollistatinChordinNogginAntagonismDue to their vast roles in human development, differentiation, homeostasis, and disease, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) have evolved along with numerous potentiating and inhibitory mechanisms to fi...
In this review, we address the expression, function and regulation of BMP6 in various kinds of stem cells, with focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), germline stem cells (GSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and neural stem cells (NSCs). Notably, there are distinct effects of BMP6 ...
Partnership between DPC4 and SMAD proteins in TGF-β signalling pathways. Nature 383, 832–836 (1996). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Moustakas, A. & Heldin, C. H. The regulation of TGFβ signal transduction. Development 136, 3699–3714 (2009). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar ...
NF-kappaB links innate immunity to the hypoxic response through transcriptional regulation of HIF-1alpha. Nature. 2008;453(7196):807–11. Loboda A, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. HIF-1 and HIF-2 transcription factors—similar but not identical. Mol Cells. 2010;29(5):435–42. Araldi E, Schipani...
Using multiple genes in one organism has allowed us to determine whether FGF signaling is required for the induction of multiple early neural genes independent of BMP inhibition, and also to determine the role of FGF8a in neural development. Using gain and loss of function assays, we show that...
negative regulators of BMP signaling (Fig.2c, e); on the other hand, these cells showed highBMP4/5mRNA levels and significant upregulation of secreted BMP4 protein in the tumor cell media (Fig.2d–f). In contrast,BMP2/7mRNA levels did not significantly change (Supplementary FigureS3F). ...
Down-regulation of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-pSMAD1/5 signaling pathway and expression of Gdf5 in migrating joint progenitor cells are critical for the initiation and progression of joint formation (Storm et al 1994; Koyama et al 2007). This general process of joint formation is ...
710SmadsR-Smadsreceptor-activatedSmadsCo-SmadcommonmediatorSmads11RegulationLigandReceptorSmadenternucleus12Ligand理化因素Ros,PH,temperature生物因素MMP2,8proteaseBMPNoggin13Receptor•BAMBIBMPandactivinmembraneboundinhibitorpseudo-receptor•ubiquitination(lipidraft)I-Smad-Smurfs(E3泛素连接酶)•endocytosisclathrin(...
Osteoporosis regulation by salubrinal through elF2alpha mediated differentiation of osteoclast and osteo- blast [J]. Cell Signal, 2013, 25: 552-60. 5 Matzelle MM, Gallant MA, Condon KW, etal. Resolution of inflam- mation induces osteoblast function and regulates the Wnt signaling pathway [J]....
This not only allows us to identify the scale invariance phenomenon in zebrafish embryonic DV patterning but also opens a window for us to further investigate the formation and regulation of BMP gradients by perturbing size. In addition to surgical size modifications of sibling Danio rerio, we ...