However, measurement of microglia activation in vivo is currently limited. Plasma derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-specific indicators that may allow for non-invasive measurement of microglia phenotype. The aim of this study was to identify activation-state specific microglia EVs (MEVs) ...
Simultaneously, they involve dysfunctions of a range of cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial or lysosomal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused primarily by glial cell activation that ultimately results in neuronal degeneration [28]. These mechanisms are common for several ...
Reproductive aging, spanning an age-related functional decline in the female and male reproductive systems, compromises fertility and leads to a range of health complications. In this Perspective, we first introduce a comprehensive framework for biomarke
et al. Activation of microglia and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of type 2 diabetic rats. Neurol. Res. 36, 824–832 (2014). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Rom, S. et al. Hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end products disrupt BBB and promote occludin and ...
It has been shown that the level of myo-inositol, a metabolite linked to astrocyte activation, is elevated in the hippocampus during the latency phase in the pilocarpine and kainate models of epilepsy [12, 13], and that this increase can be detected with IH-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ...
By binding to its receptor, TRAIL would function as an immune mediator as it played a pro-inflammatory effect via stimulating the nuclear factor (NF)-kB pathway or played an inhibitory effect on autoimmune via inhibition of T-cell activation in autoimmune diseases [26, 27]. The change of ...
Innate and adaptive immunity for the pathobiology of Parkinson's disease. Innate and adaptive immunity affect the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In particular, activation of microglia influences degeneration of dopamin... DK Stone,AD Reynolds,RL Mosley,... - 《Antioxidants & Redox Sign...
Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) –It is now generally accepted that IL-17A causes disease via the activation of microglial cells and can be used effectively in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of human autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, PD, MS, and ALS.15 ...
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), noted for its widespread prevalence among adults, has become the leading chronic liver condition globally. Simultaneously, the annual disease burden, particularly liver cirrhosis caused by NAFLD, has increased s
Neuronal death in the hippocampus is promoted by plasmin-catalyzed degradation of laminin. Cell 91, 917–925 (1997). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Ihara, M. et al. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces MMP-2 but not MMP-9 expression in the microglia and vascular endothelium of white matter. J...