Despite these findings, it is still unknown if all pathways leading to extended lifespan converge at the process of autophagy or not. Here, an overview of modern developments related to the process of autophagy, its regulation and the molecular machinery involved is presented. In addition, this ...
Ballesteros-Álvarez J, Andersen JK. mTORC2: the other mTOR in autophagy regulation. Aging Cell. 2021;20(8):e13431. Article Google Scholar Betz C, Hall MN. Where is mTOR and what is it doing there? J Cell Biol. 2013;203:563–74. Article CAS Google Scholar Download references ...
It is still unclear to what extent viruses exploit the autophagic machinery to obtain membrane anchors for their cytoplasmic replication and subvert the autophagic pathway (e.g., by stimu- lating autophagy but inhibiting autophagosome degradation) or use a partially overlapping pathway that is involved...
cell death: the dark side of autophagy Y Liu1,2 and B Levine*,1,2,3,4 It is controversial whether cells truly die via autophagy or whether — in dying cells — autophagy is merely an innocent bystander or a well-intentioned 'Good Samaritan' trying to prevent inevitable cellular demise. ...
Is autosis a subtype of autophagic cell death or does all autophagic cell death occur by autosis? Does autosis occur under other pathophysiological conditions? What are the biological and clinical implications of autosis? Programmed cell death is a highly regulated cellular response in metazoans to co...
Considering the “recycling” property of autophagy and the dynamic synthesis and degradation processes within bone, it is not surprising to find that autophagy is highly involved in the metabolism of bony tissue. All three types of bone cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, demonstrate ...
Regarding the wider role of MTOR inhibition in nonselective autophagy, it is important to identify the specific downstream signals responsible for NUFIP1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm during selective autophagy. In contrast, a recent study reported that agents that induce defects in...
What is (still) not working with nanoparticles? What needs to be improved? While nanoparticles have a tremendous potential for antitumoral therapy and extensive research is still been undertaken to assess the viability of their use in the clinic, concerns have raised in this field since despite ...
However, there is also evidence that autophagy is a mechanism by which solid tumor cells survive from hypoxic and metabolic stresses[36, 37]. Despite recent efforts, it is still inconclusive about what exact role autophagy plays in the different stages of carcinogenesis. Early studies suggested ...
It is unclear what prevents the autolysosome core from moving with KIF5B; it may be held in place by actin66 or by a dynein-based counterforce as a balance between dynein-driven and kinesin-driven movement has been reported to be important for tubulation34,67,68. This balance is proposed ...