VEGF is released from the ICM as a product of MMP protease activity and is accordingly the target of several antibody-based immunotherapies whilst a number of targeted therapies act on the VEGF signaling pathway. The second process is the ability of cancers to metastasize. Once in the blood ...
Fig. 2. Main signaling pathway and activities of OSM. The OSM/OSMR exerts protective roles in several types of stem cells through activation of various signaling pathways. Runx-1: Runt-related transcription factor 1; Dab-2: Disabled homolog 2; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; Jak3: Janus Kinase...
Each cancer type has its own molecular signaling network. Analyzing the dynamics of molecular signaling networks can provide useful information for identifying drug target genes. In the present study, we consider an on-network dynamics model—the outside competitive dynamics model—wherein an inside l...
a Overview of the VEGA model. Composed of a deep nonlinear encoder (μ,Σ) and a masked linear decoder, VEGA represents single-cell transcriptomics data into a lower-dimensional interpretable latent space z that approximates a set of user-supplied gene modules (GMV). Additionally, VEGA can int...
This perspective provides an overview of the current state of automation of synthetic chemistry at the benchtop scale with a particular emphasis on core considerations and the ensuing challenges of deploying a system. The authors aim to reframe automation as decidedly not automatic but rather an ...
the treatment-induced metabolic shifts. An overview of the most differentially abundant compounds among the treatment groups is shown in hierarchical clustering heatmaps in Supplemental Fig.5. Tacrolimus elicited stronger metabolic changes than antibiotics in terms of the number of metabolites and ...
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a relatively common genetic disease, with a prevalence ranging between 1/3000 and 1/6000 people worldwide. The disease affects multiple systems with cutaneous, neurologic, and orthopedic as major manifestations which lead to s
of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in promoting OC progression through its interaction with CAFs [10,11]. Activation of the c-Met/PI3K/Akt and GRP78 signaling pathways by CAFs-derived hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promotes cell proliferation in OC cell lines [12]. The ...
signaling is necessary for chondrogenesis to occur completely, although overactivity of the pathway creates inhibitory effects. We have previously discussed that increased Notch signaling can inhibit Sox9-induced chondrogenesis, but the fact that Notch receptors are highly expressed in chondroprogenitor ...
A CCL5 variant with a modification of the N-terminal that retains the methionine residue, known as Met-RANTES, acts as an antagonist to CCR5 and it binds more potently to CCR5 than natural CCL5. Met-RANTES was an extremely potent inhibitor of HIV infectivity, not due to its antagonistic ...