Monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb) are identicalimmunoglobulins, generated from a single B-cell clone. These antibodies recognize unique epitopes, or binding sites, on a single antigen. Derivation from a single B-cell clones and subsequent targeting of a single epitope is what differentiates monocl...
Is a monoclonal protein present? The first thing that’s usually done in the lab is serum protein electophoresis (SPEP). This procedure tells you whether there is a monoclonal protein present. You also do this procedure using urine, because sometimes myeloma cells will only make light chains,...
In one sequence (left), an antibody (monoclonal or polyclonal) against a specific protein is pre-immobilized onto an insoluble support, such as agarose or magnetic beads, and then incubated with a cell lysate containing the target protein. During the incubation period, gentle agitation of the ly...
[21]. Yin H, Li L, Feng X, et al. 2D4, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD132, is a promising treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):323. [22]. Wang L, Yin H, Jiang J, ...
AMG133 (subcutaneous, every 4 weeks) is a monoclonal antibody that was designed to antagonise the GIP receptor and is also linked to two modified GLP-1 peptides that activate the GLP-1 receptor [58]. Results from a phase 1 trial have supported further clinical evaluation with a dose-depende...
Monoclonal antibodies target, and bind with, only one specific protein. Once produced, monoclonal antibodies can be used in screening tests. For example, a doctor testing for drugs or the presence of a disease could expose a patient's blood sample to monoclonal antibodies which will react with ...
What is a Nano-Catcher? Nano-Catcher are nanobodies that have been conjugated to agarose or magnetic beads to facilitate cleaner, faster, simpler immunoprecipitations. Nano-Traps are available in a variety of formats, and target a variety of common tags, including Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP...
Essentially, monoclonal antibody therapy for viral infection involves generating an antibody molecule type that reacts with the virus. This is a kind of protein that can lock onto and disable a virus or "antigen." A successful antibody does usually one of two things: ...
Multiple myeloma typically begins as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), which is a precancerous condition in which asymptomatic people have an antibody or pieces of antibody called monoclonal protein (M protein) in their blood. MGUS affects an estimated 3% to 5% of people ag...
The biggest example of a biotech product would be Humira, a monoclonal antibody that is used to treat a range of illnesses from rheumatoid arthritis to Crohn’s disease. Currently, Humira is being explored and trialed for other indications, as illustrated below. Humira, also known as Adalimumab...