In addition, two distinct types of enzymatic complexes facilitate binding of transcription factors to nucleosomal DNA. These include type A histone acetyltransferases (e.g. GCN5/ADA transcriptional adaptor complex) and ATP-driven molecular machines that disrupt histone-DNA interactions (e.g. SWI/SNF ...
aberrant gene expression resulting from disrupted HAT and HDAC activities can alter immune responses or neuronal signaling, leading to disease. Thus, the role of histone acetylation in regulating gene expression is critical across a wide spectrum of biological...
However, in certain cases, the activity of these pathways can lead to aberrant DNA repair, genomic instability and tumorigenesis. One such case is DNA repair at the natural ends of linear chromosomes, known as telomeres, which can lead to chromosome-end fusions. Here, we review data obtained ...
What is the difference between DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes and what is the significance of each form? (a) What are the different types of DNA polymerase in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? (b) What are their functions? What are the enzymes involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes? Give the...
DNA molecules are long — so long, in fact, that they can't fit into cells without the right packaging. To fit inside cells, DNA is coiled tightly to form structures calledchromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule, wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins called histones, ...
DNA molecules are long — so long, in fact, that they can't fit into cells without the right packaging. To fit inside cells, DNA is coiled tightly to form structures calledchromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule, wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins called histones, ...
Personalized nutrition is an emerging data-driven approach, potentially enabling diets tailored to the individual in various clinical contexts. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access through your institution Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfoli...
DNA in each cell, which would reach 2 meters in length if stretched end to end, can be squeezed into a space only one- or two-millionths of a meter wide. Histones exist as octamers, or groups of eight subunits. The DNA winds its way around each histone octamer in the manner of ...
What is a histone? What is redundancy in an organization? What is cognitive linguistics and what are some major pedagogical implications for the classroom? What types of subjects, issues, or events would be of interest to sociologists?
Finally, DNA is double-stranded, meaning that it consists of two long chains of nucleotides chemically bound by two nitrogenous bases. The DNA is wound into a "double helix" shape, like a flexible ladder twisted in opposite directions at both ends. ...