It is generally believed that histone H2AX phosphorylation is required for the concentration and stabilization of DNA repair proteins to the damaged chromatin. The phosphorylation of this histone seems to play a role in both non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) repair ...
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DNA molecules are long — so long, in fact, that they can't fit into cells without the right packaging. To fit inside cells, DNA is coiled tightly to form structures calledchromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule, wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins called histones, ...
DNA molecules are long — so long, in fact, that they can't fit into cells without the right packaging. To fit inside cells, DNA is coiled tightly to form structures calledchromosomes. Each chromosome contains a single DNA molecule, wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins called histones, ...
nuclear proteins calledhistones. This repeating DNA-histonecomplex, which consists of 146 base pairs of double-stranded DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins, is called anucleosome. The repeating nucleosomal units are commonly referred to appear as “beads on a string” when seen under a ...
What is the difference between DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes and what is the significance of each form? (a) What are the different types of DNA polymerase in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? (b) What are their functions? What are the enzymes involved in DNA replication in prokaryotes? Give the...
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication occurs during the S-phase of the cell cycle. During S-phase, RNA transcription and protein translation are largely limited to the production of histone mRNAs and proteins, thereby decreasing the likelihood that DNA polymerase will encounter RNA polymerase. In ...
urgent need to compress all of the organism's DNA to make it fit within a single cell. Like DNA itself, chromosomes are divided into repeating units. In DNA, these are called nucleotides, whereas in chromosomes they are callednucleosomes. A nucleosome is a histone-DNA complex. These were ...
They are generated as a biproduct of cellular respiration and the can damage DNA and other structures. Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is (a) Oxidation. Reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl radicals, contain oxygen atoms that ...
However, in certain cases, the activity of these pathways can lead to aberrant DNA repair, genomic instability and tumorigenesis. One such case is DNA repair at the natural ends of linear chromosomes, known as telomeres, which can lead to chromosome-end fusions. Here, we review data obtained ...