The Shaman Within: A Physicist's Guide to the Deeper Dimensions of Your Life, the Universe, and Everything Quantum rules include some very odd principles, including the uncertainty principle and superposition. Quantum Computers One of the most surprising features of Quantum Theory is Werner Heisenber...
Dark Matter Could Unlock a Limitless Energy Source The Source of All Consciousness May Be Black Holes Immortality Is Impossible Until We Beat Physics How a Lunar Supercollider Could Upend Physics Is Consciousness Everywhere All at Once? One Particle Could Shatter Our Concept of Reality ...
...have left a set of rules to determine the universe, within the limits of theuncertaintyprinciple, but how did he decide these laws? We could say we cannot possibly hope...(full context) ...small differences in the early universe that later created the galaxies, and so on. Theuncertai...
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However, from the standpoint of the requirements of uncertainty measurement and physics, these entropies are controversial. Therefore, the process for measuring BPA uncertainty currently remains an open issue in the literature.Firstly, this paper reviews the measures of uncertainty in evidence theory ...
Affine Decision Rules In an ARO model, the wait-and-see decisions adapt to the actual realization of the uncertain parameters by having the former be a function of the latter. Typically, an affine dependence (a.k.a., an affine decision rule) is postulated, which offers a satisfactory level...
Physicists have a way of avoiding the pitfalls which exist. They make their rules of thinking as follows. If you have an apparatus which is capable of telling which hole the electron goes through (and you can have such an apparatus), then you can say that it either goes through one hole...
As mentioned, policies (decision rules) are functions from states to controls: $$\begin{aligned} Policy&: \ (t \ : \ \mathbb {N}) \rightarrow Type \\ Policy&t = (x \ : \ X \ t) \rightarrow Y \ t \ x \end{aligned}$$ Policy sequences of length \(n \ \mathop {:}\ ...
On the contrary, in natural sciences, a complex system is such that its knowledge cannot be confined to a unique model, but it is stratified over different and mutually irreducible hierarchical levels, each one with its own rules and language [1]. In dealing with cognitive processes complexity...
Because there are no special rules in percentage of randomizations, 65, 20 and 15% for training, testing and validation were used (e.g., Xu & Goodacre, 2018; Ghaderi et al., 2019). In configuring the optimum model, the regularization and tuning of hyperparameters (e.g., training ...