Tumor microenvironment and immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinomaHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), an aggressive malignancy, is characterized by high morbidity and low survival rates with limited therapeutic options outside of regional surgery, conventional cytotoxic ...
Cancer was previously deemed a mass of undifferentiated tumor cells without considering the surrounding stromal cells in the microenvironment. In HNSCC, the TME represents a highly complex ecosystem of cellular and noncellular components. The cellular constituents include genetically altered stromal cells su...
Tumor cells possess complex immune evasion mechanisms to evade immune system attacks, primarily through metabolic reprogramming, which significantly alters the tumor microenvironment (TME) to modulate immune cell functions. When a tumor is sufficiently immunogenic, it can activate cytotoxic T-cells to targ...
Solid tumors are complex entities that actively shape their microenvironment to create a supportive environment for their own growth. Angiogenesis and immune suppression are two key characteristics of this tumor microenvironment. Despite attempts to deplete tumor blood vessels using antiangiogenic drugs, ext...
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is comprised of non-malignant cells that interact with each other and with cancer cells, critically impacting cancer biology. The TME is complex, and understanding it requires simplifying approaches. Here we provide an experimental-mathematical approach to decompose the...
shape the microenvironment conducive to tumor progression [3,7,8]. Cancer cells frequently educate stromal cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, vascular cells, adipocytes, and immune cells, to support their growth and spread to distant sites. The stromal component might dominate the tumor tissue...
The dynamic interactions of cancer cells with their microenvironment consisting of stromal cells (cellular part) and extracellular matrix (ECM) components (non-cellular) is essential to stimulate the heterogeneity of cancer cell, clonal evolution and to increase the multidrug resistance ending in cancer...
Cancer immunity is subject to spatiotemporal regulation by leukocyte interaction with thetumor microenvironment. Growing evidence suggests an emerging role for thevasculaturein tumor immune evasion andimmunotherapyresistance. Beyond the conventional functions of thetumor vasculature, such as providing oxygen and...
The immune microenvironment extensively participates in tumorigenesis as well as progression in osteosarcoma (OS). However, the landscape and dynamics of immune cells in OS are poorly characterized. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dat
The tumor microenvironment (TME) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex ecosystem that drives tumor progression; however, in-depth single cell characterization of the PDAC TME and its role in response to therapy is lacking. Here, we perf