A TECHNOLOGICAL FEAT - extraction of human DNA from fossils nearly half a million years old - has revised the timeline for our species. The samples came from Spain's Sima de los Huesos cave, which has yielded the largest hominin fossil collection from the Middle Pleistocene, 130,000 to 780...
in some of these collections of windows, the group is unresolved from its closest outgroups and from the rest ofSyzygiumsubg.Syzygium; in other corners, these outgroups are poorly distinguished from the remainder of the subgenus, while theS. grandegroup stays distinct. We infer that these resu...
Upon arrival, approximately 4 g were imme- diately processed by the DNA isolation protocol, while the remaining ~ 6 g were maintained at − 80 °C until DNA extraction. These storage conditions were chosen to avoid alterations of the relative abundance of taxa caused by bacterial growth or...
DNA was extracted from young leaf tissue using a modified CTAB protocol. Briefly, we flash-froze the tissue in liquid nitrogen and ground it to a fine powder in a tissue homogeniser (TissueLyser LT). Tissue lysis then took place in 1 ml CTAB extraction buffer (3% CTAB, 3% PVP, 0.1% 2...
Genomics is an area within genetics that involves the study of genes and their function, including DNA sequencing, and aims to understand the structure of the genome of an organism. A primary approach to genome analysis is the cloning of exogenous DNA into BAC vectors which can hold genomic DN...
Tree breeding programs are designed to develop genetically improved varieties used for reforestation and afforestation, looking to increase the economic, environmental or social valued of a forest, the latest being an integral component of most programs around the world (Confalonieri et al., 2003; ...
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This aspect is particularly important in the Mediterranean region where the impacts of natural and human disturbances are both very old and severe. In this study, we provide the first checklist of all tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the northern part of the Mediterranean ecoregion ...
Prokaryotes also have cell walls, a single loop of DNA (plasmid), perform asexual reproduction, have ribosomes, and may form spores in difficult environments. The general structures and characteristics of bacteria include a cell wall, single loop of DNA, and ribosomes. Some bacteria species are...
A total of 30 DNA samples, extracted using the Qiagen DNAeasy Plant kit (Qiagen, Inc., Valencia, CA), were resequenced at a median depth of 55× (range 38×−214×, Supplementary Table7), encompassing the four reference genomes, 13 of their relatives, five ‘true pecan’ genotypes that...