The evolution of human influenza viruses, Philos Trans R Soc London B Biol Sci 2001; 356(1416): 1861-70.Hay A, Gregory V, Douglas A, Lin Y (2001). "The evolution of human influenza viruses." *Philos. Trans R. So
Virology The genomic evolution of human influenza A virus THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY NelsonMartha IThe genetic diversity and evolutionary plasticity of the influenza A virus poses a continual, yet unpredictable threat to public health. The notorious 1918 pandemic of 'Spanish flu' was associated ...
Furthermore, although rates of non-synonymous (amino-acid) substitution vary more extensively among species, there is little evidence that influenza viruses in wild aquatic birds, which are the main reservoir, have reached an 'evolutionary stasis'.The factors that determine the strong winter ...
Hay, A. J., Gregory, V., Douglas, A. R. & Lin, Y. P. The evolution of human influenza viruses.Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Article Ferguson, N. M., Galvani, A. P. & Bush, R. M. Ecological and immunological determinants of influenza evolution.Nature422 CASPubMed 68 CAS Tak...
Cohen, M. et al. Influenza A penetrates host mucus by cleaving sialic acids with neuraminidase.Virol. J.10, 321 (2013). PubMedPubMed CentralGoogle Scholar Westgeest, K. B. et al. Genomewide analysis of reassortment and evolution of human influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulating between 1968 ...
The evolution of seasonal influenza viruses is an important source of disease burden, as it allows for the reinfection of previously infected or vaccinated individuals Given that 5–15% of the global human population is infected with seasonal influenza viruses each year, it is surprising that new ...
We find that evolution away from existing human immunity results in rapid population turnover in the influenza virus and that this population turnover occurs primarily along a single antigenic axis. Conclusions Selective dynamics induce a canalized evolutionary trajectory, in which the evolutionary fate ...
The evolution of human influenza viruses Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B (356) (2001), pp. 1861-1870 View in ScopusGoogle Scholar Holmes et al., 2005 E. Holmes, E. Ghedin, et al. Whole-genome analysis of human influenza A virus reveals multiple persistent lineages and reas...
There is considerable variation in the degree of antigenic escape that occurs across pathogens and our results may help to explain the difference in virulence between related pathogens including, potentially, human influenzas. Furthermore, it follows that these pathogens will have a lower R0, with ...
receptor binding properties. A better knowledge of basic evolution strategies of influenza viruses will contribute to the refinement of predictive mathematical models for identifying novel antigenic drift variants. Introduction Each winter, influenza viruses infect 5 to 15% of the world's population and ...