Applying the 3Rs: A Case Study on Evidence and Perceptions Relating to Rat Cage Height in the UKdoi:10.3390/ani9121104UNITED KingdomANIMAL welfareRATTUS rattusLABORATORY animalsLABORATORY ratsANIMAL cagesTREADMILL exerciseSimple Summary: The use of animals in research and testing in the ...
The 3Rs:Replacement,Reduction,andRefinement,are important from a legal, ethical and scientific standpoint. All research using animals in the US, for example at universities and pharmaceutical companies, is regulated by theAnimal Welfare Act(AWA), which is administered by theAnimal and Plant Health ...
Working in partnership to advance the 3Rs in toxicity testing opportunities for implementation of the 3Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) to drive innovation and support animal welfare in toxicity ... Anthony,M.,Holmes,... - 《Toxicology》 被引量: 34发表: 2010年 The three ...
Building on the human organs-on-chips technology and other alternative methods, such as computational simulations, NIH has announced a new program,Complement Animal Research In Experimentation (Complement-ARIE). The Complement-ARIE program aims to speed the development of alternative models in biomedical...
In recent years, there has been a widespread drive to have more relevant testing strategies (e.g., ILSI/HESI-ACSA and new EU Directives), which also take account of animal welfare, including the 3R (replacement, refinement, and reduction) principles. The toxicity potential of one such new ...
On the sparrowhawk-like calls of female common cuckoos: testing for heterospecific vocal mimicry in a conspecific functional context Article 30 September 2023 Hissing like a snake: bird hisses are similar to snake hisses and prompt similar anxiety behavior in a mammalian model Article 13 Decembe...
根据上文"In 1959, William Russell and Rex Burch proposed their "3Rs" guidelines for making the use of animals in scientific research more humane(1959年,William Russell和Rex Burch提出了他们的 "3Rs" 准则,以使在科学研究中使用动物更人道)"和下文 "Around 29 million animals per year are currently...
TimeframeOpportunities to align with the 3Rs Short-term (0–5 years) Medium-term (5–10 years) Long-term (10 years+) In the short-term, the numbers of nanomaterials requiring testing in regulatory animal studies could be reduced, and the necessary animal studies refined (i.e., levels of...
3Rs: Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of animals in research The development, validation and implementation of alternative methods is promoted through numerous measures, such as establishment of aEuropean Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing, which is supported by laboratories ...
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