Variable regions 1 and 2 (V1/V2) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gp120 envelope glycoprotein are critical for viral evasion of antibody neutralization, and are themselves protected by extraordinary sequence diversity and N-linked glycosylation. Human antibodies such as PG9 nonetheless enga...
ChemInformGULBIS J M ET AL: " Structure of a dideoxynucleoside active against the HIV (AIDS) virus " ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C. CRYSTAL STRUCTURECOMMUNICATIONS, MUNKSGAARD, COPENHAGEN, DK, vol. 49, no. 6, 1 June 1993 (1993-06-01), pages 1095-1097, XP008091527 ISSN: 0108-2701...
infectivityofthesevirusesismostly dependentontheenvelope.Themostwell- knownexamplesofenvelopedvirusesarethe influenzavirus,HepatitisCandHIV. Complex Thesevirusstructureshaveacombinationoficosahedral andhelicalshapeandmayhaveacomplexouterwallor head-tailmorphology.Thehead-tailmorphologystructure ...
Aichi virus (AiV), an unusual and poorly characterized picornavirus, classified in the genus Kobuvirus, can cause severe gastroenteritis and deaths in children below the age of five years, especially in developing countries1,2. The seroprevalence of AiV is approximately 60% in children under the ...
The causative agent for AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has become one of the most challenging infectious entities known to humanity. About 42 million people throughout the world are infected with HIV, and an estimated 14,000 are infected per day worldwide (UNAIDS, 2002). Combin...
The cellular cytosine deaminase APOBEC3G inhibits replication of HIV lacking the viral protein Vif; here the NMR structure of a mutant form of the catalytic domain of APOBEC3G is reported, and a model for the APOBEC–DNA interaction is proposed. The huma
Atomic structures of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-DJ, alone and in complex with fondaparinux, have been determined by cryoelectron microscopy at 3 Å resolution. The gene therapy vector, AAV-DJ, is a hybrid of natural serotypes that was previously derived by directed evolution, selecting for ...
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator of transcription protein Tat is an important factor in viral pathogenesis. In addition to its function as the key trans-activator of viral transcription, Tat is also secreted by the infected
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) constitute a major threat to human health. The IAV genome consists of eight single-stranded viral RNA segments contained in separate viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes that are packaged together into a single virus partic
The structure and activity of several viroporins, such as picornavirus protein 2B (P2B), influenza A virus matrix protein 2 (M2), hepatitis C virus p7 and HIV-1 viral protein U (Vpu), have been analysed in detail. New members of this expanding family of viral proteins have been described...