In this work, we aim to analyze device imperfections and characterize bit errors caused by source linewidth, electro-optical modulation, chromatic dispersion, and detector’s dark counts to optimize performance for high secure key rates and low QBER in a phase-based QKD system. This analysis allow...
The entrapment efficiency was determined from the supernatant of the centrifuged NPs as an indirect measurement. It was measured using Omega plate reader (BMG LABTECH, Ortenberg, Germany) and calculated according to the following equation:Abs.−cm=x*100Where; m is the slope, c is the ...
the autocorrelation property of the TRM was proved from the time-reversal symmetry of the wave equation. The linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal is
Control Algorithm The microcontroller is responsible for (1) generating the 70 Hz phase modulation of the RF to probe the physics package, (2) synchronously detecting the amplitude and phase of the photosignals at 70 Hz and 140 Hz, and (3) digitally filtering the error signal to lock the ...
A general equation is derived that relates the input phase voltages, output dc voltage, and duty ratios of the switches in continuous conduction mode. Based on one of the solutions and using one-cycle control, a unified constant-frequency integration controller for PFC is proposed. For the ...
As mentioned before, equation 1 shows an example for such a predetermined condition. As described before, the first subunit 101 may be independent from the second subunit 103. Therefore, the multi-standard transceiver 200 may perform a first communication according to the first communication standard...
The various UF results are described by applying the exponential equation fits reported and derived experimentally in SAE International (2010), where x is the input depleting range (from 0 to 380 km in this analysis), C1, C2…C10 are fitting coefficients that varies for each calculated UF ...
equation: RNase H Assays Challenged, polymerase-dependent and RNA 5'-end-directed cleavages To measure the ability of enzymes to cleave RNA:DNA duplexes as the result of a single binding event, a heparin trap was added to bind any unbound enzyme or enzyme dissociated from the duplex ...
intra-modal forward SBS processes along the fast and slow axes exhibit different spectra. We show that intra-modal forward SBS also induces cross-phase modulation (XPM) between the two principal axes. This effect represents a forward SBS equivalent to the BDGs of backward scattering in PM fibres...
(Promega). Percentage growth for both 2D and 3D cultures was determined using the equation (T–T0)/(C–T0) × 100, whereT = Compound-treated cells/spheroids;T0 = cells/spheroids at 0 h time point and C = control cells/spheroids. Clonogenic assays and IncuCyte time-...