we argue that this “dogma of harmony” has also influenced research on scaffolding interactions during development. Specifically, we show how some scaffolding interactions aimed at supporting task execution and
We began with immersing ourselves in the data by reading the entire set of interview transcripts while searching for meaning and patterns prior to formal coding (Braun and Clarke, 2019). Once we were re-familiarized with the data, and ideas for coding noted, the next stage of data analysis...
Feedback;Fixed/adaptive scaffolds;Guided participation;Hard/soft scaffolding;Implicit/explicit scaffolds;Scripts;Supporting student-centered learning tasks/environments;Zone of proximal development Definition Scaffolding is a reciprocal feedback process in which a more expert other (e.g., teacher, or peer ...
This may be accomplished by applying the training wheels principle, meaning to appropriately constrain the learner's options to make sure they cannot perform unnecessary or undesirable actions (Carroll, 2000; van Merriënboer & Kester, 2018). Crucial to successfully implementing such scaffolding is ...
Thus, argumentation skills serve as a means for testing uncertainties, deriving meaning, and attaining a more profound comprehension on the issue under examination (Jeong & Joung, Citation2007). Argumentation skills have been shown as beneficial in enhancing conceptual change (Schwarz, Citation2009), ...
As expected, the final depth error is lower in Condition 1 compared to Condition 3, meaning that it is easier to judge depth when all cues are available. Differences in learning pace and final depth error are more evident in Condition 3 compared to Condition 1. For example, AS4 exhibits no...
(Vygotsky and Cole, 1978). The ZPD means a challenge is appropriate for student learning, meaning that it is neither too challenging to be discouraging nor too boring to be uninteresting. Dynamic scaffolding means students are far more likely to be in their ZPD than traditional lectures which ...
This support was meant to extend students' current abilities, meaning that even while supported, toddlers did the bulk of the work required to solve the problem. Scaffolding thus helped fill in key gaps in students' abilities and knowledge such that they could then complete the task. In so ...
As we have seen, AI encompasses a wide array of phenomena, and the particular technology in use is not of central important for the use of AI for tutoring. The AI discussed here is not assumed to understand anything about the games it plays, its meaning, or anything else (Marcus & ...
the monitoring component217determines whether or not the student-user is viewing or reading the displayed screen view600in the example, (user interface197) approximately. And based on a negative determination (meaning that the student-user is detected as not viewing/reading the display contents in ...