We identify DNA transposons from the completed draft genome sequence of Daphnia pulex, a cyclically parthenogenetic, aquatic microcrustacean of the class Branchiopoda. In addition, we experimentally quantify the abundance of six DNA transposon families in mutation-accumulation lines in which sex is either...
A new centromeric satellite repeats may arise from DNA autosomal pair can then be chosen to become a new pair of transposons (Kapitonov and Jurka, 1999). There are also sex chromosomes and the cyclic process can continue. The similarities between the pogo-like superfamily of DNA persistence of...
Here, for the first time a set of transposons repressed by Piwi in GSCs and surrounding niche cells has been identified. The present study together with our previous data show that nuclear and cytoplasmic Piwi can regulate different stages of the functioning of germinal cells...
Role of CG and non-CG methylation in immobilization of transposons in Arabidopsis. Curr. Biol. 13, 421–426 (2003). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Bird, A. P. CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation. Nature 321, 209–213 (1986). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar...
–femalevsmale•NeededtocarefullyreadthematerialprovidedTheneuroninthecenter(yellow)containsanabnormalaccumulationofhuntingtin(orange).Studiesdemonstratedthatneuronswithhuntingtinsurvivelongerthanthosethatdonot.KeyConceptsDominance&Co-dominance•Howcanyoutellthedifference?Whatisanallele?Mutation•Howcanitarise?•...
Furthermore, adaptation may also be enhanced by bacterial horizontal gene transfer (HGT), which is the exchange of genetic material, including mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as plasmids, transposons, and phages. HGT events allow rapid access to genetic innovations of non-parental lineages and...
cholerae strains revealed a high rate (62%) of isolates with dysfunctional quorum sensing systems [19]. One example is the prototype strain N16961 that contains a natural frame shift mutation in hapR [20]. It has been shown that V. cholerae strains containing a natural frame shift mutation ...
O6 and O18 antigens were required for survival in human serum, the role of the capsule was less clear and linked to O antigen type. In contrast, both the K1 and K2 capsular antigens provided a survival advantage to UPEC in whole blood. In the mouse urinary tract, mutation of the O6 ...
Leukemia patients bearing the t(4;11)(q21;q23) translocations can be divided into two subgroups: those expressing both reciprocal fusion genes, and those that have only the MLL-AF4 fusion gene. Moreover, a recent study has demonstrated that patients expr
According to the arrangement of repeating units, repeats can be classified into two types: tandem repeats (TRs) and interspersed repeats24, as depicted in Fig.1(b). Interspersed repeats, also known astransposonsorTEs, consist of DNA and RNA transposons25. Generally, TRs refer to a sequence arr...