A large junctional structure that is formed at the cell surface between a T cell that is interacting with an APC; it consists of molecules required for adhesion and signalling. This structure is important in establishing T-cell adhesion and polarity, is influenced by the cytoskeleton, and transdu...
1.2Enzyme regulation of cell activity Essentially all functions within the cell are performed through a series of chemical reactions facilitated by enzymes, which are proteins that reduce the activation energy required for reactions to occur. Cells can therefore control when certain functions occur by ...
2d), which are actin-associated structures perpendicular to the axis of the cell–cell interface that correlate with an increase in paracellular leak4,5. Normal AECs transduced to express increased claudin-5 also showed an increase in claudin-18 containing spikes, comparable to the effect of ...
Postnatally, visually driven activity can regulate class I MHC in the LGN during the final remodeling of retinal ganglion cell axon terminals. Moreover, in the mature hippocampus, class I MHC mRNA levels are increased by kainic acid–induced seizures. Normal expression of class I MHC mRNA is ...
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) can be classified into transcriptional subtypes with distinct degrees of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Recent evidence supports plasticity among subtypes with a bias toward adoption of low-NE states during disease pro
Interestingly, while control and FN RGD-minus clones were able to readily bind uPA to their surface, FNwt clones exhibited impaired uPA binding. Furthermore, treatment of the parental cell line as well as the control and FN-expressing clones with exogenous purified FN or RGD peptides induced ...
Did B treatment, similarly to eEF1A knock-down, reduced the release of infectious RSV, but unlike eEF1A knock-down, did not significantly affect RSV genome replication. The lower infectious virus production in Did B treated cells also reduced RSV-induced cell death. In conclusion, the ...
the immune system exhibits remarkable capability to discriminate whether to respond in an immunogenic or tolerogenic manner depending on the nature of cell death [1]. The daily homeostatic turnover of billions of cells rarely invokes an immune response, while the corpses of relatively few infected ...
Dur- ing this phase, all of the rats were allowed to freely explore the entire apparatus for 15 min, and the amount of time spent in each compartment was recorded. The CPA score represents the time in the drug treatment-paired compartment during the testing phase minus that during the ...
Using a large-scale analysis of more than 40 microarray studies encompassing ~2400 mammalian tissue samples, we identified a common theme across heterogeneous microarray studies evident by a robust genome-wide inverse regulation of metabolic and cell signaling pathways: We found that upregulation of ce...