Hepatocytes Anti-apoptotic effects in bile acid-, Fas ligand-, and TNF-alpha-induced models of apoptosis Apoptosis of hepatocytes is an important mechanism of many hepatic diseases 106, 108, 110, 111 Hepatocytes Activation of Ca2+ and Cl− currents Epac activation mimics effect of the glucagon...
2. Cyclooxygenase signaling and the EP2 receptor Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1; prostaglandin G/H synthase 1, PTGS1) is constitutively expressed throughout the body and involved in many physiological functions including cellular homeostasis as well as maintenance of gastrointestinal integrity (Davies, 1995; ...
Previously, intra-plantar capsaicin injection in NK1r knockout mice was followed by paw licking behaviour, although mechanical hyperalgesia was completely absent.18 According to the authors, NK1r is functionally associated with mechanosensitive nociceptors and with related neurotransmission at the spinal ...
The rat has been used for a long time as the model of choice in several biomedical disciplines. Numerous inbred strains have been isolated, displaying a wide range of phenotypes and providing many models of human traits and common diseases. Unlike the mo
In particular, signaling via TNF-α receptor 1 (p55) has been implicated in the immediate deleterious actions of injury-induced acute TNF-α release, with knockout mice demonstrating a reduced contusion volume and improved neurobehavioral performance for up to 4 weeks following CCI TBI versus wild...
models, suggests that it is the GR rather than the progesterone receptor that regulates the development of obesity.40 Nevertheless, we cannot rule out the possibility that inhibition of the progesterone receptor/MR axis may have been partly responsible for the beneficial effects of RU486 on glucose...
TNF-alpha concentration was evaluated by sandwich ELISA in frontal cortex homogenates diluted 1:20 [37] using the TNF-alpha Duo-Set kit (catalogue n. DY510, R&D, DBA Italia). Data were reported as pg of TNF-alpha per mg of total proteins. ...
Prostacyclin (PGI2) is derived from PGH2 via the action of PGI2 synthase (PGIS) and acts mainly on the membrane-bound PGI2 receptor (IP). As reported, IP knockout (IP−/−) mice suffered from more severe myocardial ischemic injury compared with their wild-type counterparts [27]. PGI2 ...
(Men et al., 2009). Overexpressed DRP1 also acts in the development of apoptosis induced byfree fatty acids(Peng et al., 2012;Wikstrom et al., 2013). In contrast β-cell–specific DRP1knockout micehave impaired the second phase ofinsulin secretionstimulated by glucose (Hennings et al., ...
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