shot prediction -- and find that our method produces estimates with low bias. We believe that this text-based design of proxies allows for the use of proximal causal inference in a wider range of scenarios, particularly those for which obtaining suitable proxies from structured data is difficult...
It remains unclear whether the two phenotypes represent a causal relationship—namely that increased ciliary length results in an alteration in signaling and thus physiological and developmental defects—or whether the phenotypes are simply correlated with each other and stem from independent functions of ...
an average level of expected performance can be defined. Assuming that the knowledge and skill that define competencies reflect a normal distribution, inference can be made concerning the ZPD by selecting an appropriate measure and establishing