This indicates that although protein synthesis proceeds, practically no measurable RNA synthesis exists. From these data it is concluded that in the cricket egg - just as in amphibian and sea urchin eggs - the first protein synthesis proceeds mainly on preexisting m-RNA. 展开 ...
RNA is a single-stranded polynucleotide containing the nucleosides adenosine, guanosine, cytosine, and uridine. Roughly one-third to one-half of the nucleotides are engaged in intrastrand hydrogen bonds, with single-stranded segments interspersed between double-stranded regions that may contain up to ...
Amino acids are activated by binding to specific molecules of transfer RNA and assembled by ribosomes into a sequence that has been specified by messenger RNA, which in turn has been transcribed from the DNA template. Peptide bonds are then formed between adjacent amino acids. Once the ...
Programmable approaches to sense and respond to the presence of specific RNAs in biological systems have broad applications in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Here we engineer a programmable RNA-sensing technology, reprogrammable ADAR sensors (RADARS), which harnesses RNA editing by adenosine dea...
RNA polymerase II. CSA and CSB are indispensable for TC-DPC repair; however, the downstream TC-NER factors UVSSA and XPA are not, a result indicative of a non-canonical TC-NER mechanism. TC-DPC repair functions independently of SPRTN but is mediated by the ubiquitin ligase CRL4CSAand ...
(Figure 2). The reason why transcription and translation can occur simultaneously is because both of these processes occur in the same 5′ to 3′ direction, they both occur in the cytoplasm of the cell, and because the RNA transcript is not processed once it is transcribed. This allows a ...
RNA polymerase, enhanced pRb cytoplasmic localization by interaction with it via a conserved Leu-X-Cys/Asn-X-Asp motif, and further recruited an E3 ligase called E6-associated protein (E6AP) to target pRb for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which activated E2F-responsive promoters ...
Besides ribosomes, a special tRNA called initiator tRNA (itRNA) and proteins called initiation factors are required for the initiation of protein synthesis. In prokaryotes, three factors are necessary, which are designated by the initials IF and a number; in eukaryotes, at least nine factors, ...
In subject area: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology In the classical view, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are defined as proteins that bind RNAs through well-defined RNA-binding domains (RBDs) to regulate RNA metabolism and functions. ...
Proteins undergo conformational changes that can occur across a range of time scales upon binding with small-molecule ligands. A negative Δpocket RMSD indicates the predicted structure has a lower RMSD with the ground truth relative to the AlphaFold structure. A negative Δclash implies that the ...