Such encephalitic alphaviruses are usually transmitted to humans via infected mosquito vectors, but some can also be spread as aerosols, making them potential bioterrorism agents. This remains of concern because antiviral agents with activity against these pathogens are not available. The pathogenesis ...
Predatory bacteria may have utility as a therapy to treat biological threat agents, including the pathogen Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague17. Y. pestis is a Gram-negative bacterium mainly infecting small mam- mals and is most commonly transmitted to humans by flea vectors to cause...
Prions cause infectious and fatal neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disease of cervids, spreads efficiently among wild and farmed animals. Potential transmission to humans of CWD is a growing concern due to its increasing prevalence. Here, we provide evide...
The model is popular; however, critics feel disappointed that while several applications have been reported to prevent diseases in NOD mice, the same outcome has not yet been achieved by humans. NOD mice and human diseases share many striking similarities, and these are the reasons why NOD mice...
It still will be some time before any chlamydia vaccine is ready for testing in humans. “Our findings thus pave the way for a new generation of whole-cell, multivalent Chlamydia vaccines, offering a promising strategy to combat a major global health challenge,” the researchers concluded. ...
ZIKV is transmitted to humans principally by infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, the same species that transmit dengue (DENV1-4) and chikungunya viruses. Phylogenetic analyses of ZIKV demonstrate 2 major lineages: African and Asian, with >96% amino acid sequence identity4, const...
This is a real threat that people often overlook. Bites, scratches, feces, urine, and contaminated food supply pose a very serious health hazard to humans and other animals. The CDC (Center for Disease Control) currently reports 35+ diseases transmitted by rodents, either directly or indirectly...
garbage, etc., there are still cases of human and animal diseases being transmitted and there is also the constant potential of disease outbreaks in cities where rats and mice live in close proximity to people. However small the threat may be, it is a potential that always must be kept in...
transmitted diseases, the population used in this study may represent individuals with few environmental risk factors for PTL (6). These studies highlight a role for genetic, and not just environmental factors in predisposition to PTL and serves as a call to researchers to identify and study ...
While we understand little as to how cells regulate an allostatic state at the molecular level, it is well accepted that changes in energy requirements reflect changes in the basal cellular state37,38,39. As mitochondria are sensitive to stress mediators, including cortisol in humans and corticoste...