We show thatSchizosaccharomyces pombecells lacking Pmk1, the MAP kinase effector of the cell integrity pathway (CIP), are hypersensitive to microtubule damage and defective in maintaining a metaphase arrest. Epistasis analysis suggests that Pmk1 is involved in maintaining spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC...
As mediators of intercellular communication, exosomes containing molecular cargo are secreted by cells and taken up by recipient cells to influence cellular phenotype and function. Here we have investigated the effects of exosomes in dystrophin-deficient
In the past decade, the most significant breakthrough on the understanding of cellulase-regulating signal transduction pathways is the elucidation of the light regulation pathway [9]. This signal transduction is executed by a complex system in which the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) and protein...
Medicinal plants have been used to treat diseases from time immemorial. We aimed to examine the efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction of Nymphaea nouchali flower extract (NNFE) against melanogenesis process, and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in
the mitogen activated protein kinase and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways are commonly altered, and therapeutically inhibiting one of the pathways often upregulates the other, leading to resistance. Thus, combined treatment targeting both pathways is a promising strategy to overcome this....
Oxidative stress, which is mainly attributable to excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediates the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) MAPK signaling cascades, especially the p38 MAPK pathway. As an important member of the MAPK family, p38 MAPK has been ...