The MAPK pathway that controls filamentous growth (fMAPK) induces cell differentiation in response to nutrient (nitrogen or carbon) limitation [Fig. 1A, (13, 14)]. Filamentous growth is an underlying cause of v
Fig. 4. Effects of polyphenols on MAPK, NFκB, and PI3K/Akt pathway. The minus sign shows inhibition of the signaling transduction by polyphenols. MAPK- Mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK- Extracellular regulated kinase; JNK- c-Jun N-terminal kinase; IL-Interleukin; ILR- Interleukin receptor...
Medicinal plants have been used to treat diseases from time immemorial. We aimed to examine the efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction of Nymphaea nouchali flower extract (NNFE) against melanogenesis process, and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in
Oxidative stress, which is mainly attributable to excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediates the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) MAPK signaling cascades, especially the p38 MAPK pathway. As an important member of the MAPK family, p38 MAPK has been ...