scoring (Strongly agree = 5, Agree = 4, Neutral = 3, Disagree = 2, and Strongly disagree = 1). In this study, researchers processed the study's tools, which included 58 items overall and comprehensively
To assess the role of action-outcome prediction on audiovisual simultaneity, each action triggered either the same audiovisual pair as in the learning phase ('predicted' pair), or the pair that had previously been associated with the other action ('unpredicted' pair). We found the time window...
To evaluate whether SRL support increases learning outcomes (RQ2), we performed an ANCOVA with condition as factor and the learning outcome test score as the dependent variable. We found a significant main effect of condition on learning outcome, F (1, 111) = 5.13, p = .025, partial η2...
That means, the data from the first 900 students will be included in training the model to relate the different features to the retention outcome. Once training is completed, the model’s performance can be evaluated on the data of the remaining 100 students (i.e., test dataset, blue ...
Sequential experimental design to discover interventions that achieve a desired outcome is a key problem in various domains including science, engineering and public policy. When the space of possible interventions is large, making an exhaustive search i
School of Education, University of Iceland, Sæmundargata 2, Reykjavík 101, Iceland 3 Lady Gowrie QLD Inc., 7 Mallon Street, Bowen Hills, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Educ. Sci.2015,5(4), 345-362;https://doi.org/10.3390/edu...
ContrastiveExplanation (Foil Trees) "provides an explanation for why an instance had the current outcome (fact) rather than a targeted outcome of interest (foil). These counterfactual explanations limit the explanation to the features relevant in distinguishing fact from foil, thereby disregarding irrele...
Causal MARS, Causal Boosting, Pollinated Transformed Outcome ForestsS. Powers et al., “Some methods for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation in high-dimensions,” 2017.code R,code R Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART)Hill, Jennifer L. "Bayesian nonparametric modeling for causal inference....
[19,20]. Perceived quality is the mentality behind a customer’s judgment of the performance of products and services. In the service industry, service quality is generally assessed by the outcome of the service delivery system. Service quality is the perception of customers and is linked to ...
(see two examples of high-level content co-regulation episodes in Additional file1: Appendix S1). In contrast, in low-level content co-regulation episodes, members of the group contribute verbally to the discussion directed to address the task outcome, but only for sharing ideas about the way...