This chapter gives an introduction to basic optical principles and components of a light microscope (light source, condenser, objective [finite and infinite systems], tube lens, and eyepiece). Light microscope imaging of complex structured, three-dimensional objects having a high thickness and low ...
Principles of Microscope Illumination and the Problem of Glare The manipulations in using the microscope, other than the selection of lenses, focusing, and placement of slides, relate to the illumination. When the illumination is not handled with judgment, glare and lack of contrast result, and cr...
This way, the complete phase structure of the image can be constructed with super-resolution approaching 2. We now ask whether 2km is the limiting spatial frequency of SIM. If the modulation grating is projected through the microscope condenser onto the object, then kg=km is indeed the largest...
The Leitz filter-cube system was so efficient that even today similar types of filter cubes are still used by most microscope manufacturers for multi-wavelength fluorescence microscopy. This development finally led to the development of automated multi-wavelength fluorescence epi-illuminators accommodating ...
The axial resolution of three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3D SIM) is limited to ∼300 nm. Here we present two distinct, complementary methods to improve axial resolution in 3D SIM with minimal or no modification to the optical sy
of the microscope’s objective. We used a binary ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon device (FLCOS-SLM) known for its very fast display update rates in the kHz regime. The SLM displays binary phase gratings and their first-order diffractions are imaged to the back focal plane of the ...
molecular dynamics with conventional optical microscopy is bounded by the diffraction limit (DL) of light, which is approximately half of the wavelength of the emission light1,2 and depends on both the wavelength of the light and on the numerical aperture of the objective lens of the microscope...
as the object of interest. This extends the concept of fiducial markers40to tomographic reconstructions. The idea behind our method is that any difference between an object’s known scattering potentialxo(r) and the data measured on the microscopeyo(r) is due to the system’s PSF, given as...
Orthogonal-plane fluorescence optical sectioning: three dimensional imaging of macroscopic biological specimens. J. Microsc. 170, 229–236 (1993). Article CAS Google Scholar Fuchs, E., Jaffe, J., Long, R. & Azam, F. Thin laser light sheet microscope for microbial oceanography. Opt. Express ...
While this type of lighting works rather well under a microscope, the glares and shiny hot spots from the gold connections and the reflective backgrounds are often ignored by the operators, and they tend to interpolate, or "fill in" dark missing fragments of the images. Variations in such ...