The pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα), was first characterized by its cytotoxic ability to induce cancer cell apoptosis.1TNFαis known to have a role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of TNFαcontributes to the pathogenesis of several diseases, such a...
a 96-well plate (FALCON, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and cultured until they reached 60% confluence in endothelial cell growth basal medium-2 (EBM-2; CC-3156; Lonza) supplemented with reagents in the EGM-2 endothelial SingleQuots kit (Lonza; CC-4176) under an atmosphere containing 5% CO2....