We therefore need to study both proteins and RNA molecules to understand how genes work.We now know how DNA stores information in the form of genes, but how do genes control what we look like?We now know how DNA stores information in the form of genes, but how do genes control what ...
So there are many more genes left to study. Are there special genes that determine fitness? A gene called ACTN3 tells your body how to make a muscle protein (蛋白质). Some people do not have ACTN3. Their muscles do not work as well. Studies show that this keeps them from being ...
How does DNA control protein synthesis? What genes are involved in DNA repair? How is DNA stored in eukaryotic cells? What do DNA repair genes do? What are DNA repair genes? How does automated DNA sequencing work? How does protein synthesis enable DNA to control the cell?
How many genes do you inherit from grandparents? Describe the genetic requirements for the parental generation. Are autosomal recessive traits x-linked? Why is autosomal DNA different for siblings? How are allele frequencies related to gene pools?
Complex organisms, like plants and animals, have 50,000 to 100,000 genes on many different chromosomes (most humans have 46 chromosomes). In the cells of these organisms, the DNA is twisted around bead-like proteins called histones. The histones are also coiled tightly to form chromosomes, wh...
Where Do We Find DNA? DNA is an extremely long molecule, so long that if all the DNA in a human was uncoiled and placed end to end, it would stretch 10 billion miles. That would be the same as a round trip to Pluto! However, it is also thousands of timesthinnerthan a strand of...
intron = noncoding (inbetween) sequence eukaryotic DNA exon = coding (expressed) sequence DNA gets all the glory, but proteins do all the work! The “Central Dogma” Flow of genetic information in a cell How do we move information from DNA to proteins? transcription translation DNA RNA prote...
Because of the random nature of gene selection, each child gets a different mix of genes from the DNA of the mother and father. This is why children from the same parents can have so many differences. A gene is nothing but a template for creating an enzyme. This means that, in any pl...
How DNA Works: Structure and Functions EQ: How do genes and chromosomes work together to determine an organism’s traits? DNA Basics Almost every cell in your body contains about 2 meters of DNA. If you unraveled all your chromosomes from all the cells of your body, then laid out the DNA...
Natural selection uses duplicated genes as raw material for functional innovation, co-opting their existing features to new functions. Understanding genetic innovation requires two questions to be addressed: which gene was involved in the duplication; and how has natural selection acted on that duplicati...