Furthermore, sufficient energy in the form of ATP must be generated to enable the fermenting organisms to grow and remain viable. However, this yield obtained from a simple stoichiometric balance indicates that a high-yielding photochemical or electro-chemical route to PDO may be possible in the ...
While the biochemical link between the two sets of metabolites is an obvious substrate/product relationship, the link to hemolysis was rather obscure. There were no clusters of samples according to PC2 (Fig. 1a). A closer look at the loading plot revealed that TCA energy metabolites and amino...
Cabbage Fusarium wilt (CFW) is a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc). One of the optimal measures for managing CFW is the employment of tolerant/resistant cabbage varieties. However, the interp
functionality of the system. The understanding of how different stimuli of the same type – in this study carbohydrates – are sensed by the cells and how these different signals are processed is still lacking. Here, we used experimental data published by our group [3,4] to elucidate and cha...
During the glycolysis process, cells break down glucose to produce pyruvate and a small amount of ATP. In normal cells with sufficient oxygen levels, pyruvate could enter the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to generate abundant energy whereas tumor cells exhibit high glycolysis activity regardless of...
Microbiome alterations have been associated with depression, and fecal transfer of depressed patients’ microbiomes is sufficient to enhance despair behaviors in rodents. Yet little is known about the potential mechanisms, whereby microbes modulate depre
A recent publication documented the somatic NRF2 gain-of-function mutations in cancer [112]. However, mutation of either Keap1 and NRF2 in RCC is a very rare event (Supplemental TableS2) and the mutant cohorts were too small to form meaningful evaluation of the role of their mutations in RC...
The annotation of the C. cacaofunesta mt genome revealed that introns form 48.7% of this DNA molecule, explaining its large size. The invasion of mitochondrial genes by group I introns is a primary reason for the wide variation in fungal mitochondrial genome sizes (Additional file 1) [50]. ...
Although the inactivation of PEP-degrading enzymes modulated carbon flux towards the SHK pathway, cell growth decreased by almost a half probably due to the accumulation of byproducts such as acetate and pyruvate and decrease of TCA intermediates. On the other hand, the increase in the PEP ...
The production of acetate increased significantly, the fluxes associated with the TCA cycle decreased, and the fluxes in the glyoxylate shunt increased in response to oxidative stress. These global flux changes resulted in an increased ratio of NADPH:NADH and in the accumulation of α-ketoglutarate....