Komagataella phaffii, a type of methanotrophic yeast, can use methanol, a favorable non-sugar substrate in eco-friendly bio-manufacturing. The dissimilation pathway in K. phaffii leads to the loss of carbon atoms in the form of CO2. However, the ΔFLD strain, engineered to lack formaldehyde de...
R140Q mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) promotes leukemogenesis. Targeting IDH2/R140Q yields encouraging therapeutic effects in the clinical setting. However, therapeutic resistance occurs in 12% of IDH2/R140Q inhibitor treated patients. The
Scavenging lipids from the medium and converting to a glutamine-dependent form of fatty-acid synthesis were both activated during PDH suppression. Methods Cell lines shRNA hairpins were generated using the Hemann Lab shRNA database and cloned into the tetracycline-inducible plasmid TtRMPVIR (Add...
However, pre-infected GFs displayed increased TNFα-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB transcription factor. In summary, pre-infected GFs exhibit augmented IL-6 production, suggesting the development of a form of "memory" following bacterial challenge. This memory may represent a new mechanism ...
Glioblastomas (GBMs), the most aggressive and incurable primary brain tumors, form a very dynamic ecosystem, in which heterogeneous tumor cells reciprocally interact with various cells of the TME [2]. The brain TME includes endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes, and ...
Displacement of white matter tracts seen, suggestive of low-grade less aggressive lesion Full size image All cases were received in the form of multiple pieces ranging from 1.0 cm to 11 cm in aggregate. Mean and median size was 4.6 cm and 4 cm, respectively. On histological examination, all...
Full size image In conclusion, it was demonstrated that mannose can directly bind to MondoA in the form of M6P, promoting the nuclear translocation of MondoA and consequently activating TXNIP expression. Mannose exerts anti-catabolic effects by reducing glutamine levels in vitro ...
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Tumor cells and cells in TME interact with each other and form a reciprocal entity [6]. On one hand, tumor cells can actively modify the TME by secreting signaling molecules and metabolites, which affect the functions of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and immune cells in TME [6]. On...
Glutamine can also be used as a substrate in the TCA cycle, a key metabolic pathway that generates energy in the form of ATP. Moreover, glutamine metabolism in cancer cells can contribute to the replenishment of the cellular antioxidant defense system. Cancer cells often face oxidative stress ...