as well as the synthesis of odd-chain fatty acids, branched-chain fatty acids, omega-alicyclic fatty acids, and tuberculostearic acids are all included in the complex and tightly controlled process known as fatty acid synthesis. Each of these subtopics demonstrates how varied and complex lipid me...
(i) Architecture of fatty acid synthases Major variations of the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway occurring in different organisms do not lie in the individual reactions of the pathway, but rather in the architecture of the fatty acid synthases. There are two major classes of fatty acid synthase ...
Fatty acid synthesis is a primary metabolic pathway in which acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) uses HCO3− to carboxylate acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA, the building block of fatty acid chains (Sasaki and Nagano, 2004). From:Molecular Plant,2017 ...
Fatty acid synthesis stops when a certain chain length is reached, and the acyl-ACP is used for membrane synthesis. As both reduction steps require two reduction equivalents, derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH), the following equation for the elongation of a fatty acid by a ...
The bacterial type II fatty acid synthesis pathway is regarded as an attractive target because it is distinct from the type I fatty acid synthesis pathway of mammals. However, the well-studied enzymes involved in SFA synthesis are largely conserved in bacteria and thus inhibition of these enzymes...
Upregulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a common event in cancer, although its mechanistic and potential therapeutic roles are not completely understood. In this study, we establish a key role of FASN during transformation. FASN is required for eli
Regarding the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, FabB performs the elongation steps up to C16:1, while FabF only catalyzes the last elongation step leading to cis-vaccenic acid (C18:1). Due to the temperature sensitive nature of the FabF protein, which is expressed and active at low ...
Fatty acid synthase catalyzes the addition of 2-carbon units to the acyl end of a growing long-chain fatty acid. The cyclic nature of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway is indicated by the return of that enzyme, at step 7, back to step 2.(Redrawn with permission from Wakil and Stoops...
Pathway Reaction Steps in Fatty Acid Synthesis—Acetyl-Coenzyme A to Palmitate Acetyl-Coenzyme A Shuttle Four reactions shuttle acetyl-CoA from mitochondrial matrix to cytoplasm (Fig. 10-1). Citrate synthase Acetyl-CoA (e.g., from glucose following a meal) is condensed with oxaloacetate to form...
To test whether this fatty acid synthesis was impacted in vivo, we first examined palmitate production in statin-treated HepG2 cells. Cells were cultured with or without simvastatin in media containing 10 % deuterated water. Analysis of cell lysates via GC-MS allowed us to measure de novo ...